Evaluation of excessive pregnancy weight gain effect in non-diabetic women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI on macrosomia of neonates

The objective of this study was evaluation of excessive pregnancy weight gain effect in non-diabetic women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI on macrosomia of neonate. In a descriptive cross-sectional study, neonate weighs of all term pregnancy in non-diabetic women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI delivered from 2002 to 2004 in Shaheed Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd, were evaluated. Compared with mothers with normal pregnancy weight gain, the risk of macrosomia in offsprings was significantly elevated in women who had excess weight gain. The odds ratio [OR] was 3.3 [95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.2 - 5.1, P = 0.0001]. Given the complications associated with delivering large babies, women may benefit from not gaining excess weight in pregnancy

prevalence of speech disorder in primary school students in Yazd-Iran

Communication disorder is a widespread disabling problems and associated with adverse, long term outcome that impact on individuals' families and academic achievement of children in the school years and affect vocational choices later in adulthood. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of speech disorders specifically stuttering, voice, and speech-sound disorders in primary school students in Iran-Yazd. In a descriptive study, 7881 primary school students in Yazd evaluated in view from of speech disorders with use of direct and face to face assessment technique in 2005. The prevalence of total speech disorders was 14.8% among whom 13.8% had speech-sound disorder, 1.2% stuttering and 0.47% voice disorder. The prevalence of speech disorders was higher than in males [16.7%] as compared to females [12.7%]. Pattern of prevalence of the three speech disorders was significantly different according to gender, parental education and by number of family member. There was no significant difference across speech disorders and birth order, religion and paternal consanguinity. These prevalence figures are higher than more studies that using parent or teacher reports