ABSTRACT
Background: Aim of the study is to correlate between blood glucose levels and salivary glucose levels in type 2 diabetic patients, to study the relationship between salivary glucose levels and serum glucose levels in type 2 diabetic patients and to determine whether salivary glucose levels could be used as a non-invasive tool for the measurement of glycemic control in type 2 diabetics. This requirement of multiple pricking at regular intervals for monitoring serum glucose levels in the body is physically and psychologically traumatic to the patient. This necessitates a non-invasive procedure like salivary glucose estimation.Methods: The study population consisted of two groups: Group 1 consisted of 20 controlled diabetics and Group 2 consisted of 20 diabetics based on their random blood and salivary glucose levels. Two milliliters of peripheral blood were collected for the estimation of random blood glucose levels. Unstimulated saliva was collected by the oral rinse technique for the estimation of salivary glucose.Results: ANOVA single factor and Pearson correlation coefficient was carried out to know the statistical significance between the two groups. The salivary glucose levels were significantly higher in controlled and when compared with the diabetics. The salivary glucose levels showed a significant correlation with blood glucose levels, suggesting that salivary glucose levels can be used as a monitoring tool for predicting glycemic in diabetic patients.Conclusions: The present study found that estimation of salivary glucose levels can be used as a non-invasive, painless technique for the measurement of diabetic status of a patient in a dental set up.
ABSTRACT
Among bone tumours of head neck region, benign tumours of bone are common, while malignant tumours are very rare. These benign tumours constitute about 75% of all bone tumours. Most of these bone tumours present clinically with pain, swelling and symptoms of compression of vascular and neural structures. Surgery is not required for these bone tumours unless patient experiences any discomfort as diagnosis is made on plain radiographs. Only 2% of all benign tumours may undergo malignancy[1]. Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a less common skeletal developmental anomaly of the bone, which is often misdiagnosed as malignant bone tumour. It manifests as defect in osteoblastic differentiation and maturation and affects a single bone or may involve multiple bones2. Osteosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumour, predominantly affecting the long bones and occasionally seen affecting the maxillofacial region. It accounts for 15–35% of all primary bone tumours and 4–8% of sarcomas of jaw[4]. In osteosarcoma, males are more commonly affected than females. The aim of this article is to represent a rare case of bone tumour of the upper jaw in 10-year-old boy, which was initially suspected as osteosarcoma and later confirmed as FD.
ABSTRACT
‘Odontogenic keratocyst’ (OKC) was the term coined by Philipsen in the year 1956, while Pindborg and Hansen in the year 1963 described the details of this cyst[1,2]. OKC is renamed as keratocystic odontogenic tumour (KCOT) by WHO[3] taking into view its aggressive and recurrent nature. OKC arises from the rests of dental lamina[1]. It can occur anywhere in the oral cavity wherever the osseous structures are present, but most commonly in the posterior regions of the mandible[2,4]. Since the clinical and radiological profile of OKC mimics other lesions it may affect the appropriate diagnosis. Here we report a case of aggressive OKC which affected an entire quadrant of the mandible along with the ramus.
ABSTRACT
PEMPHIGUS is a serious chronic skin disease characterized by the appearance of vesicles & bullae, small or large fluid filled blisters that develop in cycles. The term pemphigus refers to a group of autoimmune blistering diseases of skin and mucous membranes that are characterized histologically by intraepidermal blisters due to acantholysis and immunopathologically by an in vivo bound & circulating IgG directed against the cell surface of keratinocytes. Pemphigus vulgaris is the most common form and frequently affects oral cavity. Main antigen is Dsg 3 (desmoglein) but 50% of patients also have autoantibodies to Dsg 1. Dsg 3: Dsg 1 is directly proportional to severity. We present a case of pemphigus occurring in the oral cavity of a 45-year-old male. Treatment with oral prednisolone and topical steroid resulted in remission of the disease. Clinical features, histological features and treatment of pemphigus vulgaris will be discussed.