[Validity and reliability of the Chen internet addiction scale]

This study was conducted in order to determine the validity and reliability of Chen Internet Addiction Scale [CIAS] among the medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. This was a cross sectional study on 214 medical students of Tehran University who completed the Chen Internet Addiction Scale [CIAS] and Internet Addiction Scale [IAS] in autumn and winter of 2010-2011. The sampling was performed with available sampling method. After translation of CIAS, the face validity was confirmed by three community medicine specialists. Then IAD, demographic and internet use data forms were filled by the medical students. Validity and reliability of CIAS questionnaire was evaluated with factorial analysis, internal consistency, convergent validity, and Cronbach alpha test by SPSS soft ware. In the validity investigation of CIAS, convergent validity shows [r=0.85] with [P=0.001] and factorial analysis by varimax rotation, revealed five factors. In the reliability investigation of CIAS, results of cronbach alpha, was [alpha =0.93]. The validity and reliability of CIAS was acceptable but due to the lack of an approved gold standard in the diagnosis of internet addiction, further studies are needed for agreement on clinical diagnostic criteria in order to determine proper cut off point for the questionnaire. This is a fundamental step in the planning, preventing and treatment of this disorder

[Equality in safe delivery indexes and their relative factors in Iran]

To determine equality in safe delivery indexes [appropriate place for delivery, kind of delivery and appropriate attendant for delivery] and their relative factors in Iran. We did this descriptive-analytic study with the use of data of DHS [demographic and health survey], which was done in Iran in 2000. Our sample was internationally representative and includes 17991 Iranian married, 10-49 years old women that had delivered during 2 years before DHS. We calculated equality status by concentration index and its 95% confidence interval and we investigated relative factors to safe delivery indexes, by logistic regression. Our factors were age, job, residency [urban or rural] and education of mother and household economic status. Concentration index [95% confidence interval] for appropriate place for delivery, kind of delivery and appropriate attendant for delivery, were 0.111 [0.107, 0.115],-0.100 [-0.105,-0.095], 0.095 [0.091, 0.099] respectively. These results showed which opportunity of delivery in appropriate place and by appropriate attendant, were more in high economic and educational levels and proportion of natural delivery were less at those levels. Also, mother's age and education and household economic status, had significant relation with safe delivery indexes and in the all cases, mother's education was the most important factor. Despite developing in delivery cares in Iran, during 2 recent decades, there is a significant difference between existing situation of safe delivery indexes in Iran and complete equality due to economic status; and socioeconomic factors have contribution in this inequality