Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Detected on VFSS in a Patient with Pancoast Tumor: A Case Report / 대한연하장애학회지

A Pancoast tumor is a rare form of lung cancer that occurs mainly in the apex of the lung as the main symptom of upper extremity pain. Oropharyngeal dysphagia is not a common symptom. This case report describes a 57-year-old male patient with a Pancoast tumor who presented with oropharyngeal dysphagia. The patient's symptoms included left shoulder and arm pain. The chest computed tomography revealed a mass in the apex of the left lung, invading the mediastinum and compressing the left brachial vein and brachial plexus. He was discharged after receiving palliative chemotherapy. The patient returned to the hospital with dyspnea and was diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia. The cranial nerve exam confirmed hoarseness and an absent gag reflex. In addition, the laryngeal elevation decreased, and the bedside water test was positive. A video fluoroscopic swallow study confirmed the presence of oropharyngeal dysphagia, which was attributed to left glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve damage associated with the Pancoast tumor. This case highlights the need to be aware that a Pancoast tumor can cause oropharyngeal dysphagia. If oropharyngeal dysphagia is suspected, VFSS should be performed to prevent complications leading to mortality from lung cancer.

Synergistic effect of platelet-derived growth factor-BB and transforming growth factor-beta1, on expression of integrin beta3 in periodontal membrane of rat orthodontic tooth / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the synergistic effect of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) on the expression of integrin beta3, in periodontal membrane of rat orthodontic tooth.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An orthodontic tooth movement model was established. Up to 32 experimental rats were randomly divided into four groups according to a random number table. The four groups were injected with 1% PBS, TGF-beta1 (5 ng), PDGF-BB (10 ng), and combined TGF-beta1 (5 ng) and PDGF-BB (10 ng) in the buccal submucosal, respectively. The volume injected in each group was 0.1 mL. The animals were then sacrificed on the 10th day. The left maxillary first molar and periodontal tissue were taken. Different expressions of integrin beta3 were detected in periodontal tissues through immunohistochemistry. Mean optical density (OD) values of the positive fields were examined. The data obtained were analyzed through ANOVA. The data followed normal distribution, and were compared via t-test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control groups, the expression of integrin beta3 was higher in the experimental groupin tension sides (P < 0.01). Significant differences in tension sides between the single-injection groups and the combined group were observed (P < 0.01). Compared with the control groups, the expression of integrin beta3 was higher in the experimental group in compression sides (P < 0.05). In addition, there was no significant differences in compression sides between the single-injection groups and the combined group (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In terms of local regulatory factors, TGF-beta1 combined with PDGF-BB enhance the expression of integrin beta3 in the periodontal membrane and accelerate periodontal remodeling. The synergistic effect of the two growth factors is better than the single growth factor.</p>

Combined effects of platelet-derived growth factor-BB and insulin-like growth factor-I on the expression of integrin (beta 3 protein in periodontal ligament cells of rats during orthodontic tooth movement / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the combined effects of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on the expression of integrin (beta3 protein in the periodontal tissues of the compressing side of orthodontic tooth in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Establishing orthodontic movement model in Sprague-Dawley rats, which were injected with 10 ng PDGF-BB, 200 ng IGF-I alone or in combination in the buccal submucosal area of the orthodontic tooth. The injection was applied every other day. The experiment continued for ten days and then the rats were sacrificed. The expression of integrin (beta3 protein in periodontal ligament tissues of the compressing side was detected by immunohistochemical techniques.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of integrin (beta3 protein in periodontal ligament tissues of the compressing side of each experimental group was significantly increased compared with that of the control group (P<0.01). Meanwhile the maximum mean optical density value of integrin (beta3 protein expression was attained in the combination group which showed a significant increase compared with the PDGF-BB group (P<0.05) and the IGF-I group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of exogenous PDGF-BB and IGF- I in orthodontic tooth movement may enhance the expression of integrin (beta3 protein in periodontal ligament cells and PDGF-BB and IGF-I may have a synergistic effect during orthodontic tooth movement.</p>

A contrast on pathology and imaging in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To explore the correlation of pathological changes and imaging through a control study on pathology and imaging of 4 cases of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT).Methods By HE and Gallyas silver dyeing,four immunohistochemical methods were carried out The loss of neurons cells of all lobes of cerebral cortex,cingulate gyrus,amygdaloid nucleus,hippocampal gyrus,parahippocampal gyrus,meynert basal nucleus,substantia nigra,locus ceruleus,dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve,senile plaques (SP) and the changes of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) were observed in detail The control study of pathology and imaging was carried out by comparison of CT in different phases before and after death of the patient.Results The degeneration of temporal lobe was marked: (1) The degeneration of middle frontal gyrus of cortex of frontal lobe was the most evident; (2) The degeneration of long gyrus was more evident than that of the short gyrus as the cortex of insular lobe was concerned; (3) The degeneration posterior part of cingulated gyrus was more evident than that of the anterior part.Conclusion The pathological findings of SDAT mentioned above are basically in conformity with the changes of imaging.

GENE THERAPY FOR HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS AND HEPATOMA IN LEC RAT BY INTRODUCING HUMAN ATP7B cDNA / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the possibility of affecting transgenic therapy for the hepatic cirrhosis and hepatoma in Wilson disease by human ATP7B cDNA. Methods The 7.1*!kb transgene consisting of human ATP7B cDNA and chiken ?-actin promoter was introduced into the LEC rats which is an animal model of Wilson disease by microinjection.The plasma AST and ALT activities in transgenic rats were measured continuously from weeks 17 to 30 using non-transgenic and LEA rats as controls.The histological and histochemistry changes of liver in the transgenic rats at 30 and 60 weeks of age were examined. Results The plasma AST and ALT activities in transgenic rats were kept at the relatvie lower levels from 17 to 60 weeks of age, as compared to the age-matched non-transgenic rats.By the age of 60 weeks,none of the transgenic males developed cholangiofibrosis or hepatoma,whereas all of the non-transgenic rasts had severe cholangiofibrosis at the age of 30 weeks and one male rat had hepatoma at 60 weeks.The transgenic rats were phenotypically normal,and the survival rate was 95.7%.In addition,the distribution and the numbers of the granules of stained copper in the hepatocytes of the transgenic rats did not show any significant difference between 30 and 60 weeks.Conclusion The human ATP7B successfully delayed the onset of hepatic cirrhosis,and suppressed the development of hepatoma in the LEC rats by gene transfer.The hepatic cirrhosis and hepatoma in Wilson disease may be not directly related to the copper accumulation.

TRANSGENIC RESCUE FROM FULMINANT HEPATITIS IN LEC RAT BY INTRODUCING HUMAN ATP7B cDNA / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the possibility of affecting transgenic rescue for Wilson disease using the human ATP7B transgenic LEC rat.Methods The 7.1kb transgene constructed with human ATP7B cDNA and chicken ?-actin promoter was introduced into the fertilized oocytes of LEC rats, an animal model of Wilson disease, by microinjection. The expressions of human ATP7B protein in the transgenic rats were detected by Western blot. The plasma AST and ALT activities, and the total bilirubin levels in transgenic rats were measured continuously from 6 to 16 weeks using non-transgenic rats and LEA rat as controls. The pathological and histochemistry changes in the liver of the transgenic rats at 13 weeks were analyzed. Results The intact and correct product derived from human ATP7B was confirmed in the liver of transgenic rats. At the age around 12 weeks, the plasma AST and ALT activities, and the total bilirubin levels in transgenic rats were significantly decreased, while the inflammatory reation in the liver of transgenic rats was much mild as compared with that of non-transgenic rats, and the granules of stained copper were less in the hepatocytes of transgenic rats. By the age of 16 weeks, the transgenic rats were phenotypically normal, and the survival rate was 100%. These data showed that the LEC rats were successfully rescued from fulminant hepatitis after introducing of human ATP7B gene. Conclusion The hepatitis in Wilson disease is directly related to the toxicity of excessive accumulated copper, which attributed to the functional deficiency of the ATP7B. Gene transfer probably is the effective method for the therapy of Wilson disease.