ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the in vitro susceptibility of MRSA clinical isolates to ceftaroline, using interpretation of zones of inhibition by disk diffusion method. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Microbiology, Combined Military Hospital Peshawar, from Jan to Dec 2014
Material and Methods: To carry out this descriptive cross sectional study, clinical specimens were obtained from indoor and outdoor patients of Combined Military Hospital Peshawar. All the isolates of MRSA cultured with CLSI guidelines and identified with standard microbiological procedures, from clinical specimens of pus, body fluid, urine, tissue and blood were included in the study. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of ceftaroline was determined according to CLSI guidelines. The data was analyzed in SPSS [version 19] software
Results: Out of a total 190 MRSA isolates, 183 [96.3%] were susceptible to ceftaroline in vitro, whereas 5 [2.6%] were resistant and 2 [1.1%] were intermediate in their response to ceftaroline
Conclusion: Ceftaroline can be used effectively against infections caused by MRSA as it has shown very high in vitro activity against MRSA strains of clinical origin
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the frequency of hyperthermia in acute ischemic stroke patients visiting a tertiary care hospital in a developing country
Study Design: Cross-sectional, observational study
Place and Duration of Study: Medical Wards of Civil Hospital, Karachi, from January to June 2013
Methodology: Patients aged > 18 years of either gender with acute ischemic stroke presenting within 24 hours of onset of symptoms were included. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants as well as approval of ethical review committee of the institute. Axillary temperature by mercury thermometer was monitored at the time of admission and after every 6 hours for 3 days. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0 [SPSS Inc., IL, Chicago, USA]
Results: A total of 106 patients of ischemic stroke were included. The mean age of enrolled participants was 60.1 +/- 9.5 years. Among these, 61 [57.5%] were males and 45 [42.5%] females. Among all patients, 51.9% presented with loss of consciousness, 30.2% with slurred speech, 77.4% with limb weakness, and 9.4% with decrease vision. A total of 17 [16%] patients with ischemic stroke developed hyperthermia. When the prevalence of hyperthermia was stratified according to age, among patients of < 60 years of age, 26% developed hyperthermia compared to 7.1% in patients of > 60 years of age [p=0.008]. On gender stratification, among male patients, 14.8% developed hyperthermia compared to 17.8% in female patients [p=0.43]
Conclusion: It is concluded from this study that the frequency of hyperthermia in ischemic stroke was 16% and it should be looked for as it has significant impact on the outcome. The hyperthermia was significantly more common in younger adults as compared to older adults. However, gender had no influence on the prevalence rate of hyperthermia
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To identify the frequency of common birthmarks presenting in outpatients department of dermatology until and to increase awareness among doctor about the common phenomena
Patients and Study Design: A cross sectional study
Setting: OPD of Dermatology department of Dow University Hospital
Period: January 2014 till October 2014
Methods: During a year, by using non-probability convenient sampling only 100 patients of both genders were enrolled in the study after ensuring inclusion, exclusion criteria. Complete history was recorded and a thorough general physical and cutaneous examination was performed. Information was collected on predesigned questionnaire after taking informed consent. Data Analysis was carried out on SPSS statistics software
Results: Out of 100 patients, 43% were males and 57% were females. In 69.6% patients, the birthmarks were noticed around time of delivery, 28.3% patients were noticed within 1[st] year of life and 2.2% later in 5 year. Pigmented birthmarks were identified in 65.2% patients while 34.8 % have vascular birthmarks.71.1% had no changes in color during life span. While 37.8% had 1-3 cms birthmark and 45.7% have reported an increase in birthmark
Conclusions: We found birthmarks benign; they may grow with age but they do not need treatment unless there is concern either cosmetically or they have pain and discharge
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Infant , Outpatients , Tertiary Care Centers , Awareness , Cross-Sectional Studies , Nevus, PigmentedABSTRACT
To determine the frequency of Pott's disease in patients of paraparesis presenting to medical wards of Civil Hospital Karachi. Cross sectional study. This study was conducted in all Medical Wards of Civil Hospital, Karachi, from 1[st] January 2012 to 31 Dec 2012. A total of 133 patients of spastic paraparesis and meeting inclusion criteria were included in this study. Inquiry was carried out regarding age, gender, presenting complaints, duration of illness, past history of TB and site of involvement of spine. Diagnosis of Pott's diasease was made on Magnetic Resonance Imaging [MRI] findings of soft tissue edema, disc space narrowing, paraspinal mass or vertebral collapse. Out of 133 patients, mean age was 47.7 [ +/- 15.6] years with male: Female = 1.6: 1. Out of 133 patients of spastic paraparesis, Pott's disease was diagnosed in 53 [39.8%] cases. Frequency of pott's disease was high in male [M: F = 2.1: 1], 36 [43.9%]. Average age of patients with pott's disease was 49 +/- 13.2 years [Min - Max = 22 - 80 years]. In this study Pott's disease was diagnosed in 39.8% patients of spastic paraparesis. Frequency of pott's disease was high in male gender and older [Age: 31 - 50 years] patients
ABSTRACT
To determine the frequency of raised c-reactive protein in patients of acute pancreatitis. Cross sectional study. This study was conducted at Surgical Department Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre Karachi and Dow University Hospital from January 2013 to June 2014. The patients were selected on the basis of clinical features. Take detailed history regarding epigastric and upper abdomen pain. All the patients of either gender with acute abdominal pain presenting to emergency and diagnosed as acute pancreatitis by serum amylase of 1000 units or more were included in the study. Ranson Scoring and C reactive protein levels on admission were noted. A total of 144 patients, both males and females were included in the study. 17[11.80%] out of 144 subjects were males and rest were females 127[88.19%] cases. The minimum age was 25 years and maximum was 60 years but most of the patients were in the range of 40 to 55 years means age was 43 +/- 6.7 years. The minimum value was found to be 25 mg/L while maximum was 57 mg/L. Mean CRP was foud to be 32.2 +/- 11.43 mg/L for that group of patients. All the patients were also categorized as mild and moderate to severe on the basis of Ranson's criteria. 73% patients were found to have mild disease with rest having moderate to severe disease. Frequency of CRP observed in our study were in 139[96.52%] cases. We concluded that C reactive protein was a useful severity assessment marker in patients with acute pancreatitis and it can be proposed as an important single factor for determining severity of patients presenting with acute pancreatitis
ABSTRACT
To determine the frequency of proteinuria in HIV positive patients at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Cross-sectional. This study was carried out in lnfectious diseases wards and all medical wards of Civil Hospital Karachi, from Jan 201 1 to the Dec 2011. A total of 170 patients from infection diseases wards and all medical wards of Civil Hospital Karachi. Age more >12 years of either sex who were newly diagnosed cases of HIV based on positive HIV serology by ELlSA and Western blot in infection diseases ward were included. Patients having known kidney disease. urinary tract infection, serum creatinine more than 1.5 mg/dI, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure and old diagnosed cases of HIV who have already taken or who are taking HIV infection treatment were excluded from this study. Spot urinary sample was taken to measure the proteinuria by urine dipstick. To minimize bias all specimen sent to same laboratory of the hospital. 170 newly diagnosed cases of HIV were included in this study. Gender distribution showed male preponderance [Male: Female = 6.4:1]. Majority of cases 120 [70.6%] had age between 26 - 50 years. Mean age of women was 30.3 +/- 7.4 years [min - max = 18 - 45 years] and for males was 34.3 +/- 9.6 years [min - max = 15 - 56 years]. Out of 170 HIV positive cases frequency of > 1+ protein in urine on urine dipstick analysis was found in 27 [15.9%] cases. Out 27 cases, 16 [59.3%] cases had age between 26-50 years [mean +/- SD =32 +/- 10.1 years, min - max = 18 - 55 years]. Proteinuria was high in increasing age groups. Proportion of proteinuria was high in married and depressed patients, out of 27 cases, 18 [66.7%] were married and 9 [33.3%] unmarried, Frequency of proteinurta was high in labor class, 11 of 27 [40.7%] were labors followed by house wife 6[22.3%], while 5 [18.5%] were private job holder. ln this study I found a high prevalence of proteinuria in HIV positive patients. Such subjects show male preponderance disiribution. We conclude that HIV positive patients should be screened for proteinuria and if they found to have proteinuria, they should be subjected to appropriate treatment to retard the progression of nephropathy and associated complications.
ABSTRACT
Massive Schwannomas arising from the abdominal viscera are exceedingly rare. The case of a young male is reported who presented with a significant upper abdominal mass. Subsequent surgery and histopathology revealed a huge benign Schwannoma measuring 22 by 20 cm in the lesser sac adherent to the lesser curvature of the stomach. After a review of the literature and to the best of our knowledge it appears that a visceral benign Schwannoma of this proportion has never been reported