Fucntional and Radiological Outcome of Surgical Management of Acetabular Fractures in Tertiary Care Hospital / 대한고관절학회지

PURPOSE: Acetabular fractures are mainly caused by trauma and the incidence is rising in developing countries. Initially these fractures were managed conservatively, due to lack of specialized and dedicated acetabulum surgery centres. Our aim is to study the radiological and functional outcomes of surgical management of acetabular fractures in tertiary care hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total 50 patients were enrolled. The patients with acetabular fractures were enrolled between the years 2012 to 2014. Patients were evaluated clinically with Harris hip score (HHS) and radiologically with Matta outcome grading. The factors examined include age, gender, fracture pattern, time between injury and surgery, initial displacement and quality of reduction on the final outcome. RESULTS: There were 34 males and 16 females. Mean age was 44.20±11.65 years while mean duration of stay was 9.28±2.36 days. Duration of follow-up was 24 months. Most common mechanism of injury was motor vehicle accident (n=37, 74.0%). Open reduction and internal fixation of fractures were performed using reconstruction plates. Mean HHS at 24 months was 82.36±8.55. The clinical outcome was acceptable (excellent or good) in 35 (70.0%) cases and not acceptable (fair or poor) in 15 (30.0%) cases. The radiological outcome was anatomical in 39 (78.0%) cases, congruent in 5 (10.0%) cases, incongruent in 6 (12.0%) cases. CONCLUSION: Study results indicated that mechanism of injury, time between injury and surgery, initial degree of displacement and quality of reduction had significant effect on functional as well as radiological outcome.

Smokeless tobacco and it's association with tooth loss

Smokeless tobacco is one of that cause of oral disease and especially in Pakistan and India. Objective this study was to determine the prevalence of smokeless tobacco use and the association with tooth loss and oral health in patients coming Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi, Pakistan. 256 patients of age above 18 years were studied in outpatient department of oral diagnosis at Dow University of Health and sciences Karachi. The participants were clinically examined in two different groups according to exposure of smokeless tobacco. The oral health problems found among the participants were gingival recession [72%], tooth loss including tooth wear loss [68%] and missing teeth [60%]. However, there were significant association between smokeless tobacco and gingival re-cession, tooth wear and edentulousness, as a result P-value obtained less than 0.05 on chi-square test. Furthermore odds ratio revealed that people who used smokeless tobacco had 4 times more chances to have tooth loss and 3 times more chances to have gingival recession than those people who don't use smokeless tobacco. It was concluded that those who chew smokeless tobacco are more likely to have missing teeth, attrition and gingival recession

Bioethics: awareness, attitudes and opinions among University students and Faculty/researchers

To assess awareness, attitudes and opinions regarding bioethical issues among graduate students and faculty/researchers of universities in Lahore, Pakistan. A questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was designed and sent to 700 students and faculty members/researchers of 14 academic departments/research institutions of seven universities in Lahore, Pakistan. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics using SPSS 16.0. We obtained responses from 87% [614/700] participants. The sample populations appeared receptive to latest developments in science and technology; and were optimistic that such developments will have positive effect on their lives. On average almost 90% of the respondents were familiar with the term "bioethics"; 75.4% of the respondents desired that bioethics should be taught regularly in the classes. However, students of two important disciplines of knowledge i.e law and Islamic studies had awareness levels of only 43% and '0'% respectively regarding the term bioethics. A vast majority of the respondents were not satisfied with the state laws, policies, rules, regulations and institutions concerned with bioethical issues. The survey indicated that cloning [27.2%], abortion [24.6%] and organ donation [13.2%] are regarded as the most important bioethical issues, probably for specific reasons of the glamour attached to the technology, moral connotations and the hype created by media respectively. Educated youth in general have positive attitude towards S and T and its effect on their lives. Awareness level among students and faculty of life sciences is very high; however it is dismally low among students of Law and Islamic studies. The results of this survey does not necessarily mirror the awareness level, attitudes and opinions in the society at large since literacy level among the masses is low [57%] and prevalence of higher levels of education is even lower