ABSTRACT
Objective: Low back pain [LBP] is one of the most common and prevalent work-related conditions. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors associated with LBP in dentists and to analyze the association between individual and occupational characteristics and LBP
Methods: Following ethical approval, 300 dentists from Tehran Iran have voluntarily participated. Different questionnaires were completed to collect personal, occupational characteristics and the prevalence and risk factors of LBP. Visual analogue scale and Oswestry disability questionnaires were used to determine pain intensity and level of functional disability
Results: The results indicated that point, last month, last six month, last year and lifetime prevalence of LBP were 24.6%, 24.9%, 27.7%, 28.1% and 31.4%, respectively. A significant correlation was found between the prevalence of LBP and preventive strategies, general health condition, having an assistant and job satisfaction. Body mass index, age and gender were not significantly correlated with the prevalence of Low back pain
Conclusions: The prevalence of Low back pain in dentists appears to be high. Further studies focusing on the effectiveness of different preventive strategies are recommended
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The role of thoracic spine related dysfunction in producing lower extremity symptoms is not clear. This case study describes the assessment and treatment of a patient with low back pain and bilateral lower extremity [BLE] symptoms. It was found that patient education about postural awareness and passive mobilization are valuable aids to decrease BLE symptoms due to sympathetic nervous system [SNS] dysfunction and lower thoracic hypomobility. The clinicians need to consider examination and treatment of the lower thoracic area in patients with BLE symptoms. More research is required to explore the role of SNS dysfunction in producing BLE symptoms
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Objective: To determine within-rater and between-rater reliability of the universal goniometer [UG] for measuring active cervical range of motion [ACROM] in asymptomatic healthy subjects
Methods: Nineteen healthy subjects were tested in an identical seated position. Two raters used UG to measure active cervical movements of flexion, extension, right side flexion, left side flexion, right rotation and left rotation. Each motion was measured twice by each of the two raters and was re-measured all over again after one week. Data analysis was performed using the intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]
Results: The results demonstrated excellent within-session [ICC2,1 = 0.83 to 0.98] and between-session [ICC2,2 = 0.79 to 0.97] intra-rater reliability and excellent inter-rater reliability [ICC2,2 = 0.79 to 0.92]
Conclusion: Considering above results it is concluded that UG is a reliable tool for assessing ACROM in a clinical setting for healthy subjects
ABSTRACT
A significant proportion of patients present with locally advanced prostate cancer with inherent higher risk of local recurrence and systemic relapse after initial treatment. Recent literature favors combination of radiation therapy and extended hormonal therapy for this subset of patients. The effectiveness of Radical prostatectomy [RP] alone for locally advanced prostate cancer is controversial and is a focus of debate. However, it can decrease the tumor burden and allows the accurate and precise pathological staging with the need for subsequent treatment. Comparison of RP and other treatment modalities is difficult and incorrect because of inherent selection bias. RP as a part of multi-modality treatment [with neo-adjuvant hormonal therapy [HT] and with adjuvant or salvage radiation therapy [RT]/ HT] can provide long term overall and cancer specific survival. Surgical treatment [such as transurethral resection [TUR], JJ stenting and percutaneous nephrostomy [PCN] placement etc.] can also provide symptomatic improvement and palliative care to improve quality of life of patients with advanced prostate cancer. Sources of data/ study selection: The articles published between years 1998-2014 were searched on electronic databases Pubmed, Science direct, Google scholar and Embase and used for preparation of this review
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The aim was to study the presentation, disease characteristics, operative outcome, and prognosis in patients with familial Pheochromocytoma associated with von Hippel-Lindau [VHL] disease. There were six patients belonging to two generations of a single family who developed features of VHL over a period of 13 years and were treated at our institute. Patients' characteristics, that is, age, gender, presenting complaints and clinical signs, laboratory and biochemical evaluation, and the presence of associated conditions was gathered from medical records. The preoperative and postoperative radiological imaging and histopathological results were also collected. Out of six cases, five were male, and one was female. The mean age at first presentation was 25 years [16-40]. All patients presented with uncontrolled hypertension and were found to have Pheochromocytoma on workup. Three patients had unilateral adrenal tumor, and three had bilateral disease. None of the patients had extra-adrenal Pheochromocytoma. All patients were managed with adrenalectomy and had benign pathology. Two patients subsequently had craniotomy for excision of cerebellar hemangioma, and one patient had bilateral partial nephrectomy at the time of adrenalectomy. There was no peri- post-operative mortality and all patients are being followed by the surgeon[s] and endocrinologist. Pheochromocytoma can be a part of familial conditions including VHL. Other associated features should be suspected, investigated, and treated in these patients that can influence patients' clinical course and prognosis. Family members should also be screened to achieve early diagnosis
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adrenal Gland Neoplasms , von Hippel-Lindau Disease/diagnosis , FamilyABSTRACT
Sleep is an active, repetitive and reversible state of perceptual disengagement from the environment including unresponsiveness to it. Adequate sleep is extremely important for healthiness. But sleep loss is a remarkable problem in modern society. The objective of this study was to investigate the sleep pattern and its association with students’ academic performance. It was a cross sectional study conducted among 4th year UKM undergraduate medical students of session 2011-2012. Inclusive of all 234 registered 4th year students was selected for this study. A standard questionnaire that contained questions on demography, sleep habits, academic performance and ideal sleep was used to collect data. Out of 234 students, 186 were responded giving a response rate of 79.5% where 73% were female and 69% resided in-campus. Including weekdays and weekends averagely, 56.2% respondents slept for 6-8 hours, 29.1% for <6 hours and 14.7% slept for >8 hours. An average of 53.35% respondents had in-frequent day-nap, 34.9% frequent and 11.75% had no day-nap at all. Respondents who slept >6 hours were observed to have significantly higher academic performance. It is concluded that, people need to understand the role of sleep and have to take adequate sleep of 6-8 hours per day for health and wellbeing.
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Vascular endothelial growth factor plays major role in ocular angiogenesis and retinal edema production and is a step forward in the management of ocular neovascularization and retinal edematous pathologies. To determine the efficacy and safety of intra-vitreal Avastin [Bevacizumab] in cases having central retinal vein occlusion. A prospective interventional study. This study was done at Said Anwar Medical Centre, Dabgari Gardens, Peshawar from June, 2007 to September, 2009. All patients with central retinal occlusion occurring in the past 3 months and seen between the study period were included in the study. Diagnosis of central retinal vein occlusion was made clinically by slit lamp biomicroscopy with 78D examination Patients who had received any treatment for and eyes which already had developed Anterior Segment Neovascularization, Neovascularization elsewhere or Neovascularization on disc at presentation were excluded. Dose of 0.05 ml [1.25mg] of Avastin [Bevacizumab] was used as intra vitreal injection every month for 3 months in cases that presented within a month of occlusion and less injections were given in dose presenting later. Follow-up was done at 30th, 60[th], 90[th] and 120[th] day after the onset of disease. Visual outcome was defined as Snellen's or LogMar Best Corrected Visual Acuity at final follow up, of 120[th] day, compared to the visual acuity at presentation. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 17. Total of 17 eyes of 17 patients were included in this study. Eleven [64.7%] patients were males while 6 [35.3%] were females. Total of 40 intra-vitreal injections of Avastin were given to patients with a mean of 2.35 injections per eye. Good visual outcome was achieved in 10 [58.8%]] eyes, while 7[41.2%] had stable visual outcome. Mean initial Best Corrected Visual Acuity [LogMar] in all 17 eyes was 1.79 [SD +/- 0.87] which significantly improved to a mean of 1.18 [SD+0.77] at final follow up. Mean improvement in Best Corrected Visual Acuity [LogMar] after paired sample test in all patients at final follow up on day 120 was 0.61[SD+0.84]. Retinal hemorrhages and macular edema decreased clinically on examination on consecutive follow up visits. No eye developed neovascularization elsewhere, neovascularization on the disc, neovascularization, retinal tears, retinal.detachment, lens trauma, endophthalmitis or anterior chamber activity. Bevacizumab [Avastin] is an effective and safe treatment option for central retinal vein occlusion affected eyes and resulted in improvement in visual acuity. It reduced macular edema and prevented ocular neovascularization at least for short term
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , Prospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
[1] To determine the extent of agricultural injuries in term of their site severity, management and type of agriculture machine. [2] To determine the techniques that can decrease the morbidity and mortality caused by agricultural injuries. Descriptive study. This study was conducted in surgical department of Allied and DHQ hospital Faisalabad. January 2007 to December 2007. This descriptive study was performed in 40 consecutive patients in surgical department DHQ/Allied hospital Faisalabad during Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2007. All people who got agricultural injuries were included. People who got traumatic injuries other than agricultural machines were excluded. All injuries were noted with respect to the age and sex of the patient, site, size, and severity of injury, and type of agricultural machine. Management was done accordingly. Out of 40 cases 34 [85%] were male and 06 [15%] were female. In 25 cases [67.5%] fodder cutter were involved In 10 cases [25%] pinching machines [gears, belt, chain machines] were involved. 03 cases [75%] run over by machine 02 cases [05%] by harvesting machines. In 30 cases [75%] upper limb was involved. In 05 [12.5%] cases scalp injuries were noted. In 02 cases [05%] genitalia were avulsed. In 03 cases [7 5%] lower limb was involved Injuries range from simple lacerations, degloving injuries tendons and vessels injuries and finally amputations. Mostly young male population is involved in agricultural machine injuries. Morbidity of agricultural machine injuries can be reduced, by modifying design of agriculture machines by training farm workers and by their proper treatment