ABSTRACT
To determine the frequency of different types of refractive errors in young adults referred from recruitment centre to eye OPD of Combined Military Hospital Gilgit. A descriptive study. Eye department of combined military hospital Gilgit. September 2009 to August 2010. Three hudred subjects were tested for the type of refractive error, without cycloplegia, by automated refractometer. Out of 300 adults, 43.33% adults were found to have myopia, 30% had myopic astigmatism, 15% had hypermetropia, 5% had hypermetropic astigmatism, and 6.67% had mixed astigmatism. The frequency of myopia is approximately three times that of hypermetropia, myopic astigmatism is five times that of hypermetropic astigmatism, while mixed astigmatism is present in only 6.67% of young adults. Visual impairment in age group 18-23 yrs is almost entirely because of correctable refractive error. Cost-effective strategies are needed to eliminate uncorrected refractive error as a cause of disabling visual impairment. Further studies taking appropriate population representation may be required to determine the actual demographic distribution of refractive errors in Pakistan
ABSTRACT
To compare the effects on astigmatism of 5.5 mm clear corneal phaco-incision at steepest meridian [group A] with uniformly selected temporal site [group B]. Randomized control trial [RCT] Armed forces institute of ophthalmology Rawalpindi [AFIO]. January 2007 to December 2007. One hundred cases were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups, 50 in each group. Subjects were divided by simple random method [lottery method] into two groups, group A and B. Cataract surgery was performed by phaco and PCIOL was implanted. In group A, incision was made on steepest meridian. While in group B, incision was made on uniformly selected temporal site [irrespective of steepest meridian]. On 12th post-operative week corneal astigmatism of group A [1.46 +/- 0.377] was significantly [p<0.05] less than pre-operative astigmatism [2.151 +/- 0.404]. For group B, difference between 12th week post-operative [1.73 +/- 0.344] and pre-operative astigmatism [2.03 +/- 0.342] was also statistically significant but the effects of phaco-incision in reducing pre-corneal astigmatism was much superior in group A than in group B. The difference was statistically significant at p<0.05. Steepest meridian phaco-incision results in significant decrease in pre-operative astigmatism than routine phaco-incision on temporal side
ABSTRACT
To determine the recurrence rate of pterygium with four weeks preoperative injection mitomycin-C using bare sclera technique. An interventional case series. This ongoing study was started in November 2005 at eye department of combined military hospital Kharian, Pakistan. Ninety one eyes of 87 patients have been so far enrolled in the study. Cases between 20 to 50 years of age, of either sex, with primary and recurrent pterygia were included. The subjects were first given 0.1 ml injection mitomycin-C 0.15 mg/ml into the body of pterygium. Four weeks later, pterygium surgery was performed using bare-sclera technique. The subjects are being followed up for at least one year to detect any recurrence. Out of 91 cases, 16 [17.58%] cases have been followed up for 12 months, 19 [20.87%] for 9 months, 21 [23.07%] for 6 months, 17 [18.68%] for 3 months and 18 [19.78%] for less than 3 months. Recurrence has not been encountered in any of these cases so far. Initial results show that pterygium surgery with pre-operative injection mitomycin-C appears to be an effective form of treatment for prevention of pterygium recurrence. Further follow up and multi-centric studies are required for final conclusion