ABSTRACT
To determine the frequency of meningitis in newborns presenting with neonatal sepsis to Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Descriptive study. This was carried out in the Department of Paediatric Medicine, Nishtar Hospital, Multan from January 2012 to December 2012. A total of 73 newborns were included in the study conducted at Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Out of 73 newborns with sepsis, 20 [27.4%] were diagnosed to have meningitis. Majority of the neonates with sepsis [52.1%] were between 1-7 days of their life, however, mean age of all cases was 10.49 +/- 7.79 days [range 2-25 days]. There were 39 [53%] male, 34 [47%] female babies. 36 [39.3%] neonates having low birth weight [1.5-2.5 kg] however mean weight was 2.55 +/- 0.39 kg [range 1.8-3.6 kg]. Higher rate of meningitis [27.4%] diagnosed in present study shows better diagnostic facilities and on the other hand alarm us to take prompt measures to prevent it
ABSTRACT
To describe the clinical presentation and to identify the aetiological agents causing urinary tract infection. Descriptive study. This study was carried out in the Department of Paediatric Medicine, Nishtar Medical College/Hospital, Multan from January 2013 to December 2013. A total of 50 children were included in the study conducted at Nishtar Medical College/Hospital, Multan. Out of 50 children, 38 were female and 12 were male. 28 children were from 1-3 years age group and 22 were of more than 3 years. Most common clinical presentations were fever, urinary symptoms, vomiting and pain abdomen. Aetiological agents in study were Escherichia coli, klebsiella, proteus, staphylococcus saprophyticus, streptococcus fecalis or pseudomonas. four cases of UTI [3 females, 1 male] were associated with nephritic syndrome. Four cases were associated with malnutrition. It is concluded from study that UTI is more common in females between the age of 2-4 years mostly due to problems in their toilet training
ABSTRACT
Each Year Billions of dollars have been spent on the various programmes for Maternal and child health services in collaboration with international organizations and hundreds of doctors and thousands of skilled [SBAs] birth attendants and lady heal workers have been trained. To evaluate the impact of neonatal resuscitation programs on the prevalence of birth asphyxia in a hospital which drains a large population of Punjab. Cross sectional. Department of Paediatric Medicine, Nishtar Medical College and Hospital, Multan from January 2008-December 2008. All newborns with a H/o failure to initiate or sustain respiration at birth or H/o associated convulsions who were admitted [referred or hospital based] with the diagnosis of Birth Asphyxia and a weight > 1.5 kg were included, still born and those with lethal congenital malformations were excluded. A questionnaire was designed after extensive review of literature and data recorded. The data of past 10 years for Birth Asphyxia was also collected from the hospital record and compared with the present results. In year 1998 a total of 722 Newborns were admitted our neonatal unit out of which 210 [29.0%] were diagnosed as Asphyxia Neonatorum. This number has progressively increased over the past 10 years with a total of 846 out of total 2079 newborns [40.78%] admitted in 2008 with a diagnosis of asphyxia. Out of the total 8461 patients, there were 69% Male and 31% Female with a M:F ratio of 2.2:1.46% were delivered by SVD [17.39% in Nishtar Hospital 15.21% by dais, 32.6% by Private doctors and 34.78% by LHV] and 54% were delivered by caesarian section, out of which 46.29% were delivered in Private hospitals and 54% in Nishtar Hospital. Overall 65% deliveries were in the private sector or at home and 35% in the government hospitals 60% babies had come from Multan and 40% from other town or cities. A H/o one or more antenatal visits was present in 68% of others. Out of total cases of B.A. 26% were in B.A Grade-159% in Birth Asphyxia Grade-II 15% in B.A Grade-lll. Out of this total 45% expired. As we are moving towards the 4[th] MDG and Pakistan strives to improve its health indicators and we claim to decrease the infant mortality, neonatal and perinatal mortality rate. The incidence of birth asphyxia rises with increased burden of, morbidity. Even though the principles of NRPs are recommended for international application, this program widely used in the developed world has not been properly disseminated in communities in the developing countries, especially Pakistan
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant Care , Infant, Newborn/nursing , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
To compare the outcome of intralesional corticosteroid injection and surgical treatment of chalazia. An interventional comparative study. PNS Shifa, Naval Hospital, Karachi from 1st September 2002 to 31st August 2003. During a 9-month recruitment period all patients attending PNS Shifa, Naval Hospital, Karachi, for treatment of chalazia were inducted in the study. A 141 patients with chalazia completed the study. Patients received either incision-curettage [surgical treatment/ ST group] or intralesional corticosteroid injection treatment [steroid injection/ SI group]. The same procedure was repeated in unsuccessful cases only once. Z-test of proportion was used as appropriate statistical test of significance at p <0.05 for the comparison of the results between the two groups. The success was achieved in 59 out of 75 patients [79%] in ST group and 41 of 66 patients [62%] in SI group at first visit after two weeks [p-value <0.01]. The success in ST group improved to 89% [67 out of 75 patients] after second operation and to 80% [53 out of 66 patients] in SI group after second injection of the steroid given at second week [p-value < 0.14]. Intralesional steroid injection is an effective and safe alternative procedure for the treatment of chalazia. The results are comparable to surgical treatment especially after second injection. It is not associated with any serious complications although skin depigmentation is relatively common in coloured population