Visceral leishmaniasis; validity of polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis

Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasite of genus Leishmania which is transmitted through bites of infected sand flies. It has been reported that Polymerase chain reaction [PCR] is more sensitive and specific test for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis than bone marrow examination. This recent study is a renewed effort to validate the role of PCR in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of PCR in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. 25 March 2009 to 24th March 2010. Armed forces institute of pathology, Rawalpindi. Cross sectional [Validation] study. A total number of 59 patients of visceral leishmanaisis diagnosed on bone marrow examination with equal number of negative controls were studied. The subjects were tested for the presence of visceral leishmaniasis by polymerase chain reaction. All the 59 patients were also found to be positive for visceral leishmaniasis by PCR. None of the negative control was positive on PCR. The study validates that PCR is equally sensitive and specific test to bone marrow examination in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis

Role of p63 in differentiating morphologically ambiguous lesions of prostate

To observe the role of p63 staining in evaluation of morphologically ambiguous lesions of prostate. Descriptive [case series] study. Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, from March to September 2010. p63 immunohistochemistry staining was performed on 30 cases diagnosed as morphologically ambiguous lesions of prostate by histopathologist. Patient's name, age, histology numbers, morphological features, expression of p63 and histopathological diagnosis were recorded and described as frequency percentages. The prostatic adenocarcinomas were negative for p63 and benign lesions of prostate were positive for p63. Atypical lesions show positive staining in 77.7% and negative staining in 33.3% of cases. p63 immunohistochemistry staining can be used as a reliable marker to distinguish between benign from malignant morphologically ambiguous lesions of prostate