Gastroprotective potential and mechanisms of action of Hedera nepalensis

Abstract Hedera nepalensis (H. nepalensis) , belonging to the family Araliaceae, is a medicinal plant traditionally used to treat stomach problems. The current study investigated the gastroprotective potential and the mechanism of action of H. nepalensis in diclofenac-and ethanol-induced ulcer models. Anti-oxidant and lipid peroxidation inhibitory prospects of H. nepalensis were checked out by free radical scavenging assay and UV spectrophotometer respectively. Effect of H. nepalensis on the pH, gastric total acidity of gastric juice and protective effects of H. nepalensis against ulcer models have been examined. Histopathological studies have been carried out. The aqueous methanol extract of H. nepalensis (100 µg/mL) showed anti-oxidant (83.55%) and lipid peroxidation inhibitory (70.88%) potential at 1000 µg/mL; the extract had no buffer potential. The extract (400 mg/kg) significantly (81.12% and 63.46%) showed gastroprotective effect in diclofenac and ethanol-induced rat ulcer models respectively. Histopathological studies confirmed the biochemical findings. FTIR analysis showed the presence of carboxylic acid, alkanes, conjugated alkanes, aldehydes and alkyl-aryl ethers. Gallic acid, M-coumaric acid and quercetin were found by HPLC analysis. H. nepalensis exhibited significant protection against diclofenac and ethanol induced gastric damage by anti-oxidant and lipid peroxidation suppression effects suggesting potential broad utility in treatment of diseases characterized with gastric damage.

In Silico Study of Protein-Protein Interactions in Mapks and pp2cs of Medicago sativa Discloses its Docking Sites Variations

Abstract A wide variety of cellular mechanisms such as cell division and metabolic processes are maintained by protein-protein interactions (PPIs). The identification of PPI through laboratory techniques is costly, time-consuming, difficult, and challenging. However, computational techniques were generated for PPIs prediction. In alfalfa (Madicago sativa), PPI was predicted among 12 MsMAPKs and 4 MsPP2Cs using a docking approach. For homology modelling, the Swiss model was employed while PROCHECK, ERRAT, and Verify3D were used to validate 3D models. The Ramachandran plots were obtained from PROCHECK which showed value more than 90% (nPP2C1, PP2C1, PP2C, and MSK-3 revealed 92.9%, 94.2%, 92.4%, and 91.1% respectively) for high-quality structures. The HawkDock server and the BIPSPI server were used to analyse protein docking and predict interaction sites, respectively. Our findings demonstrated that MsPP2C docking sites play an important role in the identification and docking of MsMAPKs. The binding free energy ranged from -0.16Kcal/mol to -49.15Kcal/mol for all MsMAPKs and MsPP2Cs, indicating that they interact. Docking site analysis showed that there were 48 pairs of PPIs which indicated that MsPP2Cs can perform a vital role in other signaling pathways. This study found that all MsPP2Cs have docking sites for MsMAPKs, indicating that this method can accurately determine protein-protein interactions.

Bugged mobile phones of health care providers could transmit more than just a call

Objective: To evaluate contamination of mobile phones from healthcare workers with nosocomial pathogens

Study Design: Cross sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology Section, Pathology Department, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital Lahore, from Jul 2016 to Feb 2017

Material and Methods: A total of 257 culture swabs were collected from the mobile phones of HCWs of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, every samples was processed for bacterial culture following standard protocols. Organisms were identified by colonial morphology, gram staining, and with the help of API 20NE and API 20E

Results: Out of 257 mobile phones, 66 percent [n=169] were contaminated with any 01/>01 bacteria. Most prominent pathogen isolated was coagulase negative staphyloccoi [CoNS] followed by Staphylococcus aureus 34.8 percent and 24 percent respectively. Other microorganisms identified, were Acinetobacter species [12.6 percent] n=29, Bacillus species 10.4 percent [n=24], Enterococcus species 4.8 percent [n=11], Escherichia coli 3.5 percent [n=8], Micrococcus species 3.5 percent [n=8], Diphtheroids 2.5 percent [n=5] Klebsiella species 1.7 percent [n=4], Aspergillus species 1.7 percent [n=4] and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1.0 percent [n=2.0]. Out of 55 Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] were 36.0 percent [n=20] and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus [MSSA] were 64.0 percent [n=35]

Conclusion: In the hospital setting mobile phones should be regularly decontaminated. Moreover, utmost emphasis needs to be paid to hand washing practices among HCWs

Perception towards multidisciplinary team approach in stroke rehabilitation: a qualitative study

Objective: To determine perception of rehabilitation professionals working as multidisciplinary team members with stroke patients

Study Design: Qualitative study design

Place and Duration of Study: Isra Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences [IIRS], Isra University, Islamabad Campus from Nov 2015 to Feb 2016

Material and Methods: This qualitative study utilized focus group discussion with sample of six rehabilitation professionals. These professionals included physiotherapist, rehabilitation specialist, nurses, speech and language therapist, psychologist and occupational therapist with minimum two year work experience in multidisciplinary team. Two focus group were conducted which were audio and video recorded. Data was transcribed and thematic analyzed were drawn manually. Data verification was done with the help of two separate coders

Results: Attitude of professional was very much important while developing multidisciplinary team approach for quality Care. Team skills of each member of multidisciplinary team must be very much evident. Inter professional and interdepartmental communication and collaboration is needed while developing multidisciplinary team approach. Appropriate resources and procedures. Skill mix in team, Climate of the team, Individual personal characteristics, Clear vision, Quality and outcome of care, Understanding of the roles, proper communication, respect and dignity are the key characteristics emerged from focus group discussion

Conclusion: Attitude of professional was categorized very important while developing multidisciplinary team approach for quality Care. Inter professional and interdepartmental communication and collaboration was highlighted for developing multidisciplinary team approach. Appropriate resources and procedures, Skill mix in team, Climate of the team, Individual personal characteristics, Clear vision, Quality and outcome of care, Understanding of the roles, proper communication and respect and dignity was the key characteristics emerged from focus group discussion

Hepatitis B and C; prevalence in south Punjab population

Background: Pakistan is a developing country of 180 million people with low health and educational standards. According to the Human Development Index of the United Nations, it is ranked 146[th] out of 187 countries

Objective: To know the actual disease burden of Chronic Hepatitis Viruses B and C in Southern Punjab. Study Design: Cross-sectional, Observational study. Setting: Ibn-e-Sina Hospital and Research Centre. Period: March 2010 to February 2014

Methodology: A total of 26800 people from general population were included in the present study. Free vaccination camps were established in rural and urban union councils with the help of local politicians, in Schools, Madrassahs and Industrial units and a permanent camp was established in Ibn-e-Sina Hospital. People of all age groups and either sex were vaccinated

Results: A total of 26800 individuals were screened, [mean: 36.47 +/- 13.81]. 2090 [7.8%] tested positive for Anti-HCV. Among these 68.6% [n=1433] were males while 31.4% [n=657] were females. 616 [2.3%] tested positive for HBsAg of which 401 [65.2%] were male and 215 [34.8%] were female. 75 subjects [0.28%] were positive for both HBsAg and Anti-HCV

Conclusion:- We as a community need to be more vigilant as the disease burden of HBsAg is not decreasing in the general population and the Burden of Anti-HCV is one of the highest in the world

Incidence of intestinal tuberculosis in patients presenting in emergency with intestinal perforation- a review of 1000 patients

Objective: The present study was undertaken to document the presentation of intestinal tuberculosis in patients with intestinal perforation that present to the emergency department of Nishtar Hospital Multan

Study Densign: Observational / Descriptive / cross sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Nishter Hospital, Multan. from 2007-2015

Materials and Methods: A proforma was filled which was approved by hospital ethical committee. 1000 patients who were admitted in in A and E department Nishtar Hospital,Multan with intestinal perforation were included in this study

Histopatology specimen were sent. Results were labeled as either presence or absence of intestinal tuberculosis

Results: 1000 patients, complying with the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 45 +/- 5 years. 289 [ 28.9%] were in the age group of 20-30 years of age.312[31.2%] were in the age group 31-40 years.243 [24.3] were in age group [24.3%]. 156 [15.6%] were from age group 51-60

Regarding age, majority of the patients 532 [53.2%] were females, and 468 [46.8%] were males

Duration of symptoms ranged from 1 day to >3 days. 312 [31.2%] had symptoms for 1-2 days. 432 [43.2%] had symptoms for 2-3 days and 256 patients had symptoms for more than 3 days. All had histological evaluation

Conclusion: 23% patients were found to have tuberculosis

Comparative hypoglycemic activity of different fractions of Thymus serpyllum L. in alloxan induced diabetic rabbits

The aim of present study was to evaluate and compare the hypoglycemic activity of different solvents extracts of Thymus serpyllum in rabbits. Diabetes was induced with single intravenous injection of alloxan monohydrate [150mg/kg]. Glibenclamide and acarbose were used as standard drugs. The crude powder of Thymus serpyllum [500 mg/kg b.w] significantly reduced blood glucose level in both normal and diabetic rabbits. Various extracts of Thymus serpyllum were compared for their hypoglycemic activity in diabetic rabbits. Ether and aqueous extracts significantly reduced the blood glucose level with maximum effect [p<0.001] produced by aqueous extract, which was selected for further study. Aqueous extract significantly inhibited the rise in glucose level in oral glucose tolerance test. The extract showed synergistic effect with different doses of insulin; however serum insulin level of the diabetic rabbits was not significantly increased by the extract. HbA1c level was significantly [p<0.05] reduced whereas hemoglobin level was significantly increased in three months study. Phytochemical screening of the aqueous extract showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpinoids, reducing sugar and cardiac glycosides. It is concluded that the aqueous extract might be used alone or in combination with insulin to manage diabetes and its associated complications

Psychological predictors of depression in diabetes

Objective: To study the association between psychological predictors of depression i.e. social support and quality of life in diabetic patients

Study design, settings and duration: Cross-sectional study conducted in clinics of different hospitals of Gujranwala, Abbottabad and Islamabad from January 2013 to January 2014

Patients and Methods: Fifty nine adult type II diabetic patients of both genders who came to hospital's diabetic clinic for diabetic treatment were selected for the study. The data was collected using multidimensional scale of perceived social support WHO quality of life scale and depression scale, All these scales had already been validated in the local population. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 20

Results: Social support and quality of life were negatively related to depression. Within gender, it was found that male were significantly higher on social support, quality of life, friends support, physical quality of life and social quality of life as compared to female

Conclusion: If diabetic patient's social support and quality of life is improved, their levels of depression decrease. Depression associated with diabetes was more common in females

Policy message: Diabetes patients need better social support and better quality of life to cope up with diabetes related depression

Demographic and clinical characteristics of 100 consecutive patients with diabetic foot presented in Nishter hospital Multan

Objective: To study the incidence of infected diabetic foot among diabetic admissions on the surgical floor

Study Design: Quasi-experimental study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Surgical Unit-IV, Nishtar Hospital Multan from June 2013 to March 2016

Materials and methods: The study on diabetic foot management was carried out involving 100 patients with septic foot complications in diabetics

Results: Out of 100 patients, 59 [59%] were male, 41 [41%], were female, 76 [76%] patients were admitted through emergency, 18 [18%] through outpatient department and only 6 [6%] patients were referred from physicians. Family history of diabetes was found in 45% of the patients in both parents. As regards age, most of the patients i.e. 50 [50%] patients were in age group 61-70 years. In 25 [25%] patients left foot was involved, right foot was involved in 55 [55%] patients while in 20 [20%] patients both feet were involved. As regards management of patients, 15 [15%] patients were taking insulin, 30 [30%] were on OHA, 30 [30%] were controlled by diet and remaining 20% had no treatment. Planter infection and infection on dorsal aspect was seen in 30% patients respectively

Conclusion: No aspect of regimen of therapy for diabetics is more important than the proper care of his feet

Behavioral problems and emotion regulation in blind and normal children

Background: Behavioral problems and issues related to emotion regulations differ in blind and normal children. There is negative association between behavioral problems and emotion regulation among blind children

Objective: To compare the behavioral problems and emotional regulation in blind and normal children and see their relationship and also study demographic differences in behavioral problems and emotional regulation

Study type, settings and duration: Cross-sectional study done at Special Education Centers and government Schools of Lahore and Gujranwala from January 2013 to January 2014

Subjects and Methods: Blind and normal children of both genders were selected from the Special Education Centers of Lahore and Gujranwala while normal children were selected from government Schools of Lahore and Gujranwala. The association between behavioral problems and emotional regulations was assessed in these two sets of children using translated and validated questionnaires of Child Problem Checklist and Self-Regulation Scale. For blind students these were converted into Braille. The data was analyzed by using SPSS Version 20

Results: There were 50 blind and 50 normal children. Results showed that normal children had higher emotion regulations whereas blind children had higher behavioral problems and overall behavioral problems had negative relationship with emotion regulation. Demography showed that males had higher behavioral problems where as females had higher emotional regulations. Children having highly educated parents had higher emotion regulations and lesser behavioral problems

Conclusion: Blind children had more behavioral problems and less emotion regulations and within gender, it was more in males

Policy message: Blind children need more care and social support as they have more behavioral problems and less emotion regulation

Well-being and post-traumatic stress disorder due to natural and man-made disasters on adults

Research has shown that man-made disasters effect people more severely than natural disasters. Females are affected more severely as compared to males in disasters. The most prominent effects are low well-being and high post traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]. To compare the differences in well-being and PTSD among adults exposed to natural and man-made disasters. This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 150 young adults exposed to flood in Punjab [50], terrorism in KPK [50] and suicide bombing [terrorism] in Islamabad [50]. Adults exposed to natural disaster like flood scored significantly higher on well-being as compared to adults exposed to man-made disaster like terrorism and suicide bombing. Post-traumatic stress disorder was more in terrorism exposed adults as compared to flood exposed adults. Within gender, females adapted better to man-made disasters. Adults exposed to natural disaster adapt better than those exposed to man-made disaster and females adapt to man-made disasters better than men

Outcome of dimon-hughston osteotomy in unstable intertrochanteric fractures

To Evaluate effectiveness of Dimon-Hughston osteotomy using a dynamic hip screw in unstable intertrochanteric fractures in term of union. Descriptive case series This was a multicenteric study conducted at Lahore General Hospital, Surriya Azeem Hospital Lahore and Civil Hospital Quetta for the period of 36 months [Between January 2012-December 2014]. Through non-probability purposive sampling, 50 cases of unstable intertrochanteric fractures were included. All fifty patients were managed by Dimon Hughston osteotomy with a 135[degree] dynamic hip screw. During the course of follow up radiographically data for union, nonunion and implant position and clinically data regarding infection was recorded. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. The mean age of all patients was 59.76 years [range 38-80years]. There were 28 [56%] male and 22 [44%] female patients. All patients included in study were AO type A2 fractures. Union occurred in 34 patients 68%, mean union time was 19.88 weeks [Range 18-26 weeks] nonunion and pulling out of plate occurred in 16 patients 32% during course of follow-up. Only 2 [4%] patients developed superficial infection later on which settled down with antibiotics. Dimon-Hughston osteotomy for unstable pertrochanteric fractures may provided immediate stability for early weight-bearing in some patients, but has got high failure rate

Phytochemical analysis of Hibiscus caesius using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry

Various species in genus Hibiscus are traditionally known for their therapeutic attributes. The present study focused on the phytochemical analysis of a rather unexplored species Hibiscus caesius [H. caesius], using high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry [HPLC-MS]. The analysis revealed five major compounds in the aqueous extract, viz. vanillic acid, protocatechoic acid, quercetin, quercetin glucoside and apigenin, being reported for the first time in H. caesius. Literature suggests that these compounds have important pharmacological traits such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and hepatoprotective etc. however, this requires further pharmacological investigations at in vitro and in vivo scale. The above study concluded the medicinal potential of H. caesius

Cardiotonic and vasoconstriction effects of aqueous methanolic extract of Paspalidium flavidum L.

The cardiovascular activity of aqueous methanolic extract of Paspalidium flavidum L. was evaluated on isolated rabbit heart and aorta. Heart rates, force of contraction and perfusion pressure were assessed in the presence of different concentrations of extract and adrenaline by using Langendorff's technique. Moreover, the vasoconstriction effects were studied in rabbit aorta using isolated organ bath. The results indicated that the extract [1ng-100[micro]g/ml] exhibited a significant increase in heart rate, contractility and perfusion pressure of isolated rabbit's heart; with a maximum effect at 1ng/ml, which was comparable to adrenaline [1[micro]g/ml]. Similarly, adrenaline at doses from 1-10[micro]g/ml produced a significant dose dependant increase in all the cardiac parameters. The cardiotonic effects of the extract were significantly blocked by propranolol [10[-5]M] while an increase in perfusion pressure was completely antagonized by verapamil [10[-6]M]. Activity of cardiac marker enzymes was also significantly raised in the perfusate of isolated heart pretreated with the extract. In rabbit aorta, the extract exhibited a dose dependent vasoconstriction effect however it did not increase the tone of aorta when pre-treated with verapamil [10[-6]M]. It is conceivable therefore; that the cardiotonic and vasoconstriction effects of the extract might be due to its agonistic actions on beta-receptors and Ca[+2] channels

Future of physical therapy in Pakistan - satisfaction amongst Pakistani physical therapists about their profession

Objectives: To determine the level of satisfaction in Pakistani physical therapists about their profession as well as future prospects in the field

Study design: A cross sectional Survey

Place and duration: A structured Questionnaire was introduced to one hundred Physiotherapists selected through purposive sampling technique for the study in Rawalpindi from different Physiotherapy institutions of Pakistan from June 2010 to August 2010. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS 17

Methodology: A total of 100, [male 69 and 31 females] professional Physiotherapists were interviewed about their opinion regarding their future and satisfaction in the physiotherapy profession. There were only 32% [n=32] PTs who were satisfied with their professional growth and 68% [n=68] who were not satisfied with the professional growth in Pakistan

Results: A total of 100, [male 69 and 31 females] professional Physiotherapists were interviewed about their opinion regarding their future and satisfaction in the physiotherapy profession. There were only 32% [n=32] PTs who were satisfied with their professional growth and 68% [n=68] who were not satisfied with the professional growth in Pakistan

Conclusion: Considerably low level of satisfaction was found amongst the participants regarding their earnings and quality of education. Mostly the participants were hopeful in future to see their profession developed with the help of regulatory body and empirical commitments from the government

Mitral valve replacement on beating heart; safety an evaluation

Cardiac reperfusion injury is a well-described complication occurring after ischemia or following cardioplegic arrest. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate and compare safety of Mitral valve replacement on beating heart without using cross clamp with the conventional Mitral valve replacement. It was a retrospective observational study for study duration from 2012-2014. A total of 50 patients were randomly selected and were divided in 2 groups, 25 patients in each group. This study was conducted at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Choudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan. We divided the patients in two groups. All operations were carried out by team led by a consultant surgeon in our institution. Our patients had the age range from 12 to 65 years [Mean ages=32.5 years +/- 13.9000] the mostly this study included males 60%. The study included Group A and Group B [beating heart versus conventional heart surgery] both groups contained randomized controlled patients with purposeful sampling. Minimum operative time 100 minutes or maximum operative time 160 minutes [Mean 195 +/- 95.75] The P value remained non significant that P <0.001. The CPB time was 22 to 388 minutes [104.8 +/- 97.4. Cross Clamp time, ICU stay intubation time, drainage, inotrope remained almost same in both groups. With P <0.001 Outcome variables of the patients. The hazards of cardiopulmonary bypass and Cardioplegia are well known. Various studies have demonstrated decreased accumulation of extra cellular fluid, diminished lactate production and greater preservation of high energy stores when a strategy of myocardial protection simultaneous antegrade/ retrograde continous normothermic, normokalemic blood perfusion was used. These findings were the basis for using beating heart technique for mitral valve replacement, Aortic cross-clamping, Cardioplegia, and reperfusion injury leads to myocardial ischemia and is a critical issue in mitral valve surgery despite novel approaches to myocardial protection. Myocardial edema induced by the lack of myocardial contractions and impaired lymphatic flow due to Cardioplegia in the heart remaining in diastole is another cause of myocardial dysfunction. Outcomes obtained using this strategy of myocardial protection seem to compare favorably to those of historical series in which conventional myocardial protection with cardioplegic arrest were used

Sternal wound infection following CABG: a review of 1121 patients

To know incidence of sternal wound infection, microbacteria involved and associated risk factors so as practical steps should be made before hand to counter theses problems. Case series study. This study was conducted at Ch. Pervaiz Ellahi, Institute of Cardiology, Multan from 2012-2014. Microbiological testing was conducted under supervision of a consultat microbiologist attached to the hospitals performing cardiac surgery. Infections were classified as in-hospital SSIs if occurring during the hospital stay, or post-discharge. Infections were recorded as sternal or harvest site infections. Associated Potential risk factors were recorded. A proforma was filled which was approved by hospital ethical committee. Over the study period, 1121 patients had CABG. Predominantly patients were male [mostly in age range of 50-76 with median age of 63 years]. ASA score of 3 was recorded in majority of patients. The majority of patients were recorded as having an ASA score of 3 or 4, a clean wound, and antibiotic prophylaxis administered. Antibiotic prophylaxis in almost all cases.97 patients had sternal site infections, with one half of the cases detected in-hospital and the other half post-discharge. Gram-positive bacteria were detected in 56% of cases having infections. 43% had Gram-negative bacteria and fungi [e.g. Candida albicans] 1 case. The incidence of MRSA is increasing and to counter these we had to adopt methods

Prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] in intensive care unit of CPEIC, Multan

We undertook a study to determine the prevalence of MRSA colonization on admission to our intensive care unit [ICU] and the incidence of MRSA colonization in the ICU. Case series study. This study was conducted in ICUs in Chaudhry Pervaiz Ellahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan from January 2012, to December 2012. We included 1230 patients in which 766 were CABG and remaining 464 were for some congenital heart disesase. All patients were screened within 24 hours after ICU admission. For the intact skin specimen, a single swab was used to sample 4 different sites [the axilla and groin on both sides]. Sternotomywound were sampled also. Pre-moistened swabs were used to collect nasal and skin samples. Swabs were plated on Chapman agar alone. Data were analysed by using spss 11. Descriptive analysis were done along with p value. There were 1230 admissions to the ICU during the study. MRSA was isolated from 80 [6.8%] of 1,185 admission swabs taken, from 42 [7%] of 596 admission swabs where patients had both admission and discharge swabs taken, and from the discharge swabs of 63 [11.4%] of 554 remaining patients who had negative admission swabs. This study confirmed that there is a significant rate of acquisition of MRSA in our ICU. It also raised concerns about trauma patients being at increased risk compared with other patients. We are in the process of conducting a cohort study to assess risk factors for the acquisition of MRSA among trauma patients

Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenic purpura [CAMT]

Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia [CAMT] is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder induced by mutations of the gene coding for thrombopoietin [TPO] receptor [c-MPL] despite high levels of serum TPO. Patients initially present with isolated thrombocytopenia that subsequently progresses into pancytopenia. Although the mechanisms leading to aplasia are unknown, the age of onset has been reported to depend on the severity of the c-MPL functional defect. The primary treatment for CAMT is bone marrow transplantation. This report describes a newborn girl who presented to us with symptoms of sepsis but septic profile came negative except thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow biopsy was done for thrombocytopenia which revealed amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia. She was given prednisolone.

In vivo screening of essential oils of Skimmia laureola leaves for antinociceptive and antipyretic activity

Objective:To study the screening of essential oils of Skimmia laureola leaves (SLO) for acute toxicity, antinociceptive, antipyretic and anticonvulsant activities in various animal models. Methods: SLO were extracted using modified Clevenger type apparatus. Acute toxicity test was used in mice to observe its safety level. Antinociceptive activity of SLO was evaluated in acetic acid induced writhing and hot plate tests. Yeast induced hyperthermic mice and pentylenetetrazole induced convulsive mice were used for the assessment of its antipyretic and anticonvulsant profile respectively. Results: Substantial safety was observed for SLO in acute toxicity test. SLO showed a high significant activity in acetic acid induced writhing test in a dose dependent manner with maximum pain attenuation of 68.48%at 200 mg/kg i.p. However, it did not produce any relief in thermal induced pain at test doses. When challenged against pyrexia evoked by yeast, SLO manifested marked amelioration in hyperthermic mice, dose dependently. Maximum anti-hyperthermic activity (75%) was observed at 200 mg/kg i.p. after 4 h of drug administration. Nevertheless, SLO had no effect on seizures control and mortality caused by pentylenetetrazole. Conclusions:In vivo studies of SLO showed prominent antinociceptive and antipyretic activities with ample safety profile and thus provided pharmacological base for the traditional uses of the plant in various painful conditions and pyrexia. Additional detail studies are required to ascertain its clinical application.