ABSTRACT
Objective: To describe hospital waste management plan in our setting for primary to tertiary hospitals and to make it environmental friendly with respect staff safety
Study Design: Observational / cross sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur from May to August 2015
Materials and Methods: This study carried out as an assignment for the course of Environmental and Occupational Health point of view. Data has been collected from the staff of the BV Hospital and the Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur as our study subjects. The purpose of this paper is to outline the hospital waste management plan in our setting from primary to tertiary hospitals in a comprehensive way to put forward suggestions for further improvement
Results: Among the hospital staff particularly doctors were not aware of any hospital waste management protocol/plan. Similarly nobody form the hospital staff recalled any training program or such activity to be performed in their respective wards or departments since ever. Just the concerned nursing staff had sort of interaction with the sanitary workers and the sweepers engage in their routine hospital cleaning process supervised by the sanitary inspectors. As such no health facilities had properly implemented any hospital waste management plan in accordance to expected standard and practices; just routine maintenance of the hospital cleanliness is being carried out and the wastes were collected and moved to the point of transportation or being transported direct to its disposal point
Conclusion: There is need to develop Hospital Waste Management policy and plan for institutions along with its allocation of appropriate funds. Hosp Waste disposal standard operating procedures in a way that such model can be implemented anywhere by little modification as per need assessment basis in all of our healthcare settings
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine peripheral absolute alcohol nerve block for the management of trigeminal nerve pain and its complication among oral and dental patients
Study Design: Descriptive / cross sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Dept of Oral and Dental Surgery along with few referral from the Neuro-Surgery at Bahawal Victoria Hospital a tertiary care hospital attached with the Quaid-e- Azam Medical College, Bahawalur in Southern Punjab from January 2013 to December 2015
Materials and Methods: A total of 125 patients have been included Before administering the peripheral alcohol nerve block 1.8ml of lignocaine local anesthesia injection was given to anaesthetize patient nerve involved. The study subjects consists of the patients suffering from trigeminal neuralgia diagnosed clinically based on specific signs and symptoms of neuralgia pain. The study variables were duration of pain relief by peripheral nerve block and any complication, duration of re-injection to measure repeated nerve block, study subject age, gender, area of residence, socio-demographic characteristics, patients history of therapeutic treatment. Data was collected on specifically designed questionnaire and analyzed on SPSS 20.0 and presented in tabulated form as frequencies of the above mentioned variable along with their percentages, mean and standard deviations
Results: Total of 125 patient hospital records who received absolute alcohol with history of re-injection has been included in this study. Peripheral absolute alcohol nerve block was effective ranging from minimum of 3 to 17.45 months, the mean duration of pain relief was 8.35 months with standard deviation of 4.5 months and there was gradual decrease in the pain relief after repeated re-nerve block from our study data set. Some of the patients were referral from Dept of Neurosurgery of our institution who were not fit for neurosurgery, so advised for local peripheral absolute nerve block. There was no significant report of complication except mild to moderate pain, swelling, trismus, burning sensation, dysesthesia, fibrosis of soft tissues and only 04 subjects report of injection site infection
Conclusion: Absolute alcohol nerve block to be less invasive in dental office management and relatively more efficacious for neuralgia pain relief to reduce patient morbidity and cost effective for patients who do not have relief on conventional carbemazipine drug therapy and being disease of elderly age who are usually medically compromised as not being fit for surgery or willing for relatively costly and invasive neurosurgery procedure
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To assess food habits of school going children from a high socio-economic background, Establish food frequency of commercially available foods and to determine the risk factors and to suggest the way to control these risk factors
Study Design: Cross sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Community Medicine, Al-tibri Medical College, Isra University, Karachi from 31stMay to 30thJuly, 2015
Materials and Methods: This survey was carried out on 200 students age of 6-12 years enrolled in KAS school belong to high socioeconomic group, randomly selected for interviews through an administrated structured food frequency questionnaire. This survey was conducted in three days during 8am to 3pm. All students who visited the health office for any reason were asked to participate in the study
Results: The mean age of respondents was 12.7 +/- 3.7 years. Thirty-nine reported missing at least one meal a day. Averagely the students consumed 4.2meals per day. Most frequently missed meal was evening tea/snack [n=17], followed by midday snack [n=12]. Few students reported missing lunch [n=3] or dinner [n=2] during the week
Conclusion: Students need to be encouraged to take healthy foods, by creating opportunities for better choices. Health education strategies can be effective implemented in a school setting through innovate means can ensure better outcomes