ABSTRACT
To assess frequency of insulin resistance [IR] in patients, presenting with polycystic ovarian syndrome using simple indices of insulin resistance and to determine the association of clinical manifestations of PCOS with insulin resistance indices. This cross sectional study was carried out at Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology [BIDE]. One hundred patients fulfilling the revised 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria for PCOS were included. Descriptive statistics were calculated using frequency and mean with standard deviation. Insulin resistance [IR] was calculated using fasting insulin levels [> 10 IU/ml], fasting glucose: insulin ratio [> 4.5]. Different surrogate marker of IR like HOMA-IR [> 2.6], QUICKI [< 0.357] and McAuley [< 5.8] were calculated. The value for HOMA-IR, QUICKI and McAuley in patients of PCOS were 65%, 88% and 51.2% respectively. Patients having fasting insulin level [> 10 iu/ml] were 75.32%. Menstrual irregularities were the commonest presentation followed by obesity, hirsutism and infertility. There was a strong association of BMI with various menstrual irregularities, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. A significant high rate of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance has been observed in our patients of polycystic ovarian syndrome. Majority of clinical manifestation are found to be associated with insulin resistance indices
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Microalbuminuria is a renal marker of general vascular endothelial damage and early atherosclerosis with adverse prognostic implications. It is associated with diabetes, insulin resistance, central adiposity and hypertension The Microalbuminuria Prevalence Study [MAPS] aimed to assess the prevalence of microalbuminuria in consecutively-screened hypertensive adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in 103 centres of ten Asian countries. Cross-sectional clinic-based epidemiological study. This is the sub-analysis of data collected from patients attending the OPD of Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology in Pakistan. Patients attended one study visit with no follow-up. Patients with bacteriuria and haematuria were excluded. A total of 99 subjects were studied out of which 56.3% were females. Mean age was 49.9 +/- 10.8 years. The prevalence of macroalbuminuria and microalbuminuria was 9.09% and 24.2% respectively. In Pakistan the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease was high in diabetic hypertensive subjects which is alarming and indicates an impending pandemic of diabetic renal and cardiovascular disease in the region