ABSTRACT
Our aim was to evaluate the hypothesis in a randomized clinical trial, whether extra- corporeal lithotripsy [ESWL] causes any blood pressure change, in subjects with different genders having normal blood pressure and kidney lithiasis. A descriptive cross sectional study. This study was carried out at the Department of lithotripsy, Khan Kidney Hospital and King Edward Medical University, Lahore from February 2012 to January 2013. Adult patients [= 60 years old] were randomized to receive immediate ESWL versus observation. The trial included 100 patients with small [<20 mm] asymptomatic renal pelvic stones who were randomized to undergo ESWL. There were 25 male subjects [ESWL group A], 25 male subject [Control male group B], 25 female subjects [ESWL group C] and 25 female patients [Control female group D]. Patients were evaluated by measure of the systolic and diastolic pressure before and after lithotripsy [immediately after the procedure and after 3 months of ESWL treatment]. Hypertension was considered when diastolic pressure was greater than [=90 mm/Hg]. Blood pressure was recorded by using a standardized protocol. The amount of shock waves applied in each case ranged from 1500-6000, with the mean of 4000 shock waves at the median intensity of 15 kv. Patients were then followed up for measurement of blood pressure immediately after the treatment and after 3[rd] month. The rate of on set of hypertension was evaluated for all groups. There was statistical significant difference in the incidence of hypertension between treated groups and observed groups. In this randomized controlled clinical trial, there was significant evidence that ESWL causes significant change in blood pressure [i.e. 12% in male group and 8% in female group]
ABSTRACT
Six compounds have been isolated from the leaves of Pyrenacantha staudtii, two of which are new compounds. The new compounds have been characterized as kaempherol 3-O-beta-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 4-beta-glucopyranosyl-(2-furyl)-5-methy-1,2-glucopyranoside phenylmethanone (2). The known compounds are 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid (3), beta-sitosterol (4), sitosterol 3-O-beta-glucopyranoside (5) and taraxerol (6). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic and chemical evidences. The two new compounds together with 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid showed significant in vitro xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of these compounds from this plant.
Subject(s)
Enzyme Inhibitors , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Glucosides , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Kaempferols , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Magnoliopsida , Chemistry , Molecular Structure , Niacin , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Plant Leaves , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Xanthine Oxidase , MetabolismABSTRACT
Six compounds have been isolated from the leaves of Pyrenacantha staudtii,two of which are new compounds.The new compounds have been characterized as kaempherol 3-O-β-rhamnopyranosyl (1→6)β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 4-β-glucopyranosyl-(2-furyl)-5-methy-1,2-glucopyranoside phenylmethanone (2).The known compounds are 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid (3),β-sitosterol (4),sitosterol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside (5) and taraxerol (6).Their structures were determined by spectroscopic and chemical evidences.The two new compounds together with 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid showed significant in vitro xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report of these compounds from this plant.