ABSTRACT
Primary neuroendocrine tumours of the cervix are extremely rare, with an incidence of only 0.5-1%; as such, these entities can present a clinical and diagnostic challenge. Small-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the cervix are highly aggressive tumours that have a tendency to metastasise. We report a 44-year-old woman who presented to the Gynaecology Clinic of the Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, India, in 2016 with menorrhagia. Based on a clinical examination, she was provisionally diagnosed with a cervical fibroid. However, a biopsy revealed features of a small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix which was subsequently confirmed via immunohistochemistry. An accurate diagnosis of a neuroendocrine carcinoma is vital as it forms the basis for treatment decisions as well as informing predictions for long-term survival
ABSTRACT
Inflammatory pseudotumors [IPT[s]] of the spleen are extremely rare, benign tumors of unknown etiology, and are most frequently detected incidentally. We report a case of IPT of the spleen in a 19-year-old male, who presented to the Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, with a history of pain and heaviness in the left hypochondrium. On clinical examination, splenomegaly was detected. Ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen revealed an enlarged spleen with a mass lesion completely occupying the lower pole of the spleen. Therefore, a diagnosis of splenomegaly with a malignant splenic lesion was suggested. Open splenectomy was performed. On gross examination, a well-circumscribed nodular growth measuring 9 x 8 x 5 cm in diameter was seen on the lower pole of the spleen, which on cut section appeared tan white with foci of yellowish discoloration. Microscopic examination of the nodular growth revealed spindle cells in a hyalinized stroma with inflammatory infiltration of predominantly plasma cells and lymphocytes. On immunohistochemistry, the spindle cells were positive for smooth muscle actin. A diagnosis of IPT of the spleen was rendered following histopathology testing. Splenectomy is both diagnostic and curative for this rare entity, and prognosis is usually favorable following the procedure
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Splenic Diseases/diagnosis , Splenic NeoplasmsABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute , Postpartum Hemorrhage , Postpartum PeriodABSTRACT
Helicobacter pylori is implicated in various gastroduodenal diseases and many tests are available for its detection. The present study attempted to document the morphological changes in the gastric mucosa induced by H. pylori colonization and correlate them with the severity of the infection. The study also compared various diagnostic tests and evaluated the different staining methods used for H. pylori detection, especially immunohistochemical identification. One hundred and two patients with dyspepsia were included. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] for H. pylori-specific immunoglobulin G [IgG], immunoglobulin A [IgA], and immunoglobulin M [IgM] was used. Rapid urease test was performed on endoscopic biopsy and it was stained with hematoxylin and eosin [H and E], modified Giemsa, and immunohistochemical stains. A significant correlation was found between the density of H. pylori and severity of gastritis. A significant correlation was observed between serology [especially when used in combination, IgG and IgA] and status of H. pylori. Immunohistochemical staining enhanced the diagnostic yield of H. pylori detection. Immunohistochemistry [IHC] should be used judiciously, whereas simple and economical tests like modified Giemsa should be used routinely for the detection of H. pylori. Combined ELISA [IgG and IgA] should be preferred over single ELISA. Simultaneous morphological and serological detection of H. pylori is preferable as H. pylori may not be detected on morphology alone due to its patchy distribution in the stomach