ABSTRACT
Introduction: Chronic abdominal pain which is difficult to diagnose initially not only encumbers the patient but it also affectstheir daily routine, leading to physical and psychological disability, here comes the role of diagnostic laparoscopy which provesto be beneficial aiding in diagnosing most of these cases. Hence, the aim was to evaluate the diagnostic value of laparoscopyin cases with chronic abdominal pain.Materials and Methods: This study was done in the Department of General Surgery at Indira Gandhi Institute of Medicalsciences, Patna, Bihar, from July 2019 to March 2020 in 40 patients. Prior Institutional Ethical Committee approval was alsoobtained for this study.Results: Out of 40 patients included in this study, maximum number of patients were females. Male-to-female ratio was 1:1.4.The maximum number of patients were in the age group of 21–40 years (60%). Maximum patients 45% (n = 18) had complaintof pain in the right lower quadrant of abdomen. The most common finding during diagnostic laparoscopy was found to bepathology in the appendix accounting for 27.5% of cases (11/40).Conclusion: Diagnostic laparoscopy is a safe and effective tool to establish the etiology of chronic abdominal pain and allowsfor appropriate interventions. It can serve as a time saving and cost-effective implement for these patients.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The various Candida species have long been associated with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). These Candidahave assumed significance as emerging pathogen in these TB patients with some degree resistance to antifungal therapy thuscomplicating the disease and its treatment. Early identification of Candida species and instituting appropriate treatment therapyis important in reducing the morbidity and mortality in patients with TB.Aim: The aim is to study trends and prevalence of various Candida coinfection using KB006Hi Candida kit and CHROM agarin pulmonary TB patients and evaluating usefulness of these candida identification kit.Material and Methods: This study was done in the Department of Microbiology at Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences,Patna, Bihar, over a period of 1 year in seventy patients of pulmonary TB. Prior Institutional Ethical Committee approval wasalso obtained for this study.Results: Out of a total of 200 patients, 70 patients (35%) whose sputum samples were positive for acid-fast bacilli were includedin the study. Candida coinfection was observed in 26 (37.14%) patients which included 16 male and 10 female patients. Theratio of male to female in Candida infection group was 1.6:1. Candida albicans was the most common isolate among Candidaspecies in pulmonary TB patients which was isolated in 50% of the patients.Conclusion: Candida coinfection in pulmonary TB patient is common, and synergistic growth between Candida species andTB exists. Along with C. albicans, the prevalence of non-albicans species is also increasing with variable degree of resistance.Prompt measures need to be taken for routine identification and treatment of these opportunistic Candida infections in TB patients.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem and still considered as a social disease in India reflecting the standards of living in a community. It possesses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to practicing surgeon in resource-limited countries. Aim: The aim of the present study was to study different surgical features and epidemiological profile of intestinal TB. Materials and Methods: 100 diagnosed cases of intestinal TB were studied over a period of 3-year in the Department of General Surgery at Katihar Medical College with emphasis on mode of presentation and epidemiological profile. Result: 64% of the cases were in the age group of 21-40 years. The sex incidence revealed a female to male ratio of 1.17:1 showing a female preponderance particularly affecting those who were engaged in household work. Persons of low socio-economic status, particularly non-vegetarians were the common victims of this disease. 50% of the cases belonged to the Muslim community. The important symptoms were abdominal pain, vomiting, loss of appetite, loss of weight, constipation, recurrent bowel upset, and distension of abdomen. The important signs were emaciated look, anemia localized, tenderness, abdominal lump, visible peristalsis, doughy feel of abdomen, distension and ascites and rigidity of the abdomen. The average duration of symptoms was 6-18 months at presentation. Conclusion: Intestinal TB has vague presentations as shown by this study with a predominant feature of abdominal pain. Good results can be obtained by adopting a multidisciplinary approach, health education, and awareness among people as this disease is very prevalent in this region.
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes is a worldwide problem. A majority of diabetic patients develop foot ulcers in one point of time or other during the course of their illness. Chronic wound, especially non-healing types are the most common surgical conditions. The etiopathogenesis of diabetic foot lesions are multi-factorial like diabetic neuropathies, vasculopathy, poor control of diabetes and bacterial infection. The aim of the present study was to study various modes of presentation and microbiological profile in management of diabetic foot. Methods: 100 diagnosed cases of diabetic foot were studied over a period of three years in the department of General Surgery at Katihar Medical College with emphasis on clinical features and microbiological picture of diabetic foot and its complications. Results: Males are more prone to surgical complications three times than females because of more outdoor activities. It is more prevalent in age group 51-60 years (36%). In the present study, cases presenting with ulcer were maximum (52%) followed by cellulitis (20%), cases presenting with gangrene of toe or foot was minimum (12%). Staphylococcus Aureus was found in majority of cases of septic lesions on culture of pus (41%). Other organisms isolated were Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, E.Coli, Proteus etc. Conclusions: Diabetic foot has varied presentation. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its surgical complications can be attributed to poor patient knowledge, education and awareness of the disease. Patient education for care of feet such as pairing of nails, wearing proper footwear and prompt reporting to doctor in case of early lesions is essential.