ABSTRACT
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) stand at the sixth position most, amongst all the malignancies worldwide. Neoplasms arising in the oral cavity, larynx, pharynx, salivary gland and nasal cavity are all included in the head and neck malignancies. More than 90% of malignancies of the oral cavity are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Among the four head neck cancer sub-sites combined, the mean age at the time of diagnosis has risen, in the last four decades. Studies have documented a male predilection. A small percentage of SCC cases are inherited or are familial. Cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, betel quid chewing, poor nutrition, poor oral hygiene, HPV, Epstein-Barr virus and Candida albicans infections are the etiological agents who have the ability to cause HNSCC. Non healing ulcer, difficulty in swallowing, change in voice, swelling, sore throat- that doesn’t get better- are the symptoms of head and neck cancers. Moreover, there may be unusual bleeding, facial swelling or difficulty in breathing.
ABSTRACT
Ulnar nerve compression at guyon’s canal is rare and very few cases have been reported in literature. It can be missed due to its rarity. Symptoms vary from pain and paresthesia to wasting and significant loss of muscle strength, with significant deformities of the hand. The diagnosis is made by detailed history and examination, electromyography, nerve conduction velocity test, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Early decompression of nerve is treatment of choice. Here we are presenting a case of compression of ulnar nerve in guyon’s canal due to ganglionic cyst.
ABSTRACT
Cysticercosis is unlikely to be the first diagnosis for a swelling over the tongue. In this report we document an unusual case of lingual cysticercosis presenting as an isolated lesion.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Animals , Cysticercosis/diagnosis , Humans , Male , Taenia , Tongue/parasitology , Tongue Diseases/diagnosisABSTRACT
Chediak Higashi anomaly is a very rare disorder in which patients suffer frequent and severe pyogenic infections that are secondary to abnormal functions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, associated with albinism and bleeding tendency. Blume RS and Wolff SM (1972) reported that only 59 cases were diagnosed after the first description of Chediak-Higashi Syndrome in 1943 by Cesar AB (cited by Wintrobe MM Clinical Haematology). As per recent literature available (Internet) last case was reported on 16th July, 1997.
Subject(s)
Albinism/diagnosis , Chediak-Higashi Syndrome/diagnosis , Child , Female , Humans , Neutrophils/pathologyABSTRACT
The redox state of cytochrome alpha 3 during in situ respiration of leaves of 20-day-old rice seedlings was assessed by in vivo aerobic assay of nitrate reductase, after 1 min exposure to carbon monoxide. Different stress treatments like water and salt stresses, disintegration of leaf tissues and darkness modified the redox state of cytochrome c oxidase. The dark treatment altered the redox state of cytochrome oxidase from reduced to the oxidized state, as judged by its reaction with CO in CO-sensitive rice cultivar. The water and salt stresses as well as the disintegration of leaf tissue on the contrary altered cytochrome oxidase from the oxidized to its reduced state in CO-insensitive cultivars; probably by changing the cellular integrity, turgidity and structure of mitochondrial membrane, and also due to decreased mitochondrial energization.