ABSTRACT
Visceral leishmaniasis [V.L.] is a known human disease in the Middle East. In this study, the correlation between the clinical manifestations and the different immunological, pathological and parasitological pictures of the disease were studied. It was concluded that V.L. is characterized by splenomegaly, irregular pyrexia and cachexia. Besides, palpable liver, purpuric rash, edema, jaundice, night sweats and dysentery occur. Anaemia is invariable may be severe and can occur early. The blood picture shows leucopinea and relative lymphocytosis. Leishmanin skin test indicates failure in cell-mediated response. The IgG greatly increase than the IgM. Liver biopsies show variable picture, but detection of amastigotes are not easily. The bone marrow smear is a safe and dependable method of diagnosis