[Isolation and identification of brucella species from blood samples of the patients with brucellosis by biochemical, PCR and serological methods in Kurdistan Province]

Brucellosis is a major cause of zoonosis and is endemic in Kurdistan Province in Iran. The purpose of this study was to isolate Brucella species from brucellosis patients and identify different species of this bacterium in order to determine the prevalence of these species in Kurdistan Province. 60 blood samples were obtained from brucellosis patients with clinical symptoms of the disease in Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj. The samples were cultured in BACTEC medium and incubated at 35 0C for 5 days. Then, the samples were cultured on Brucella agar for 3 days. For detection of the bacteria we used catalase, oxidase and urease tests, PCR, Gram stain and media with various dilutions of Thionin and Fuschin dyes. Also we used agglutination test for identification of Brucella species. 18 Brucella strains were isolated from 60 blood samples of the patients. PCR and biochemical methods revealed that all the 18 isolated bacteria were Brucella melitensis.The results of agglutination test showed that 14 bacteria belonged to biovar 1 and 4 bacteria to biovar 3. This study showed a high prevalence of brucellosis due to Brucella melitensis in Kurdistan Province and efforts in this region should be aimed at the eradication of this bacterium

[Evaluation of dental midline relation to some landmarks of the face and mouth]

Statement of problems: One of the first observation which should be considered in patients during the setting of anterior teeth is the relationship between the anterior teeth midline and the midline of the face. In situations, when the anterior teeth midline is not in favorite relation with the midline of the face, for the resean that the incisal plane of anterior teeth is not parallel with the interpupillary line, unpleasant teeth to face relationship will be present

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine a relationship between the midline of central incisors with some landmarks of the face and mouth to make use of them in full denture construction

Materials and Method: In this cross sectional descreptive study, 110 individuals including 85 males and 25 females with the mean age 21.5 years were selected. The inclusion creiteria were no extracted teeth, no orthodontic therapy and no esthetic surgery on the nose and face. After examining and completing the questionnaires, impressions were made of both arches using alginate impression material. After preparation of the casts, the relationship of both upper and lower teeth midline, upper central incisor midline to incisive papilla, the midline of filtrum, and labial frenum were examined and the results were recorded. Then the central and deviation parameters in population including average and variance in different percentages were compared

Results: In 62.7% of individuals, the maxillary teeth midline was adapted with the center of incisive papilla. In 37.3% of individuals, the maxillary teeth midline was coincided with the philtrum. In the same percent of individuals, the maxillary teeth midline was at the same line with the upper lip frenum. In 10.9% of individuals, the mandibular dental midline was adapted with the maxillary dental midline. In 3.36% of individuals, the maxillary and mandibular dental midlines and philtrum were adapted

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that it would not be possible in most cases to construct complete dentures in which all landmarks of the face and mouth be coincided with the midline of the anterior teeth

[Effect of deflasking time on dimenstional stability of two heat-cured acrylic resins]

Dimensional changes of denture base acrylic resins are one of the most frequent phenomena that occur during the production of the dentures in different steps of curing and different times of deflasking. Measurement of the effect of different deflasking times on dimensional stability of acrylic resin can reduce the dimensional changes of these materials. The objective of this study was to compare these dimensional changes in different times of deflasking in two different acrylic resins [Acropars and Meliodent]. In this experimental study, the dimensional changes of two heat-cured poly methyl metacrylate resins [Meliodent and Acropars] were studied in different deflasking times. The initial model included one steel sheet approximately 3 mm thick, cut in the form of a dumbbell and fifty specimens of the same piece were regularly flasked and processed. Acrylic specimens, in different bench cooling times [4 hours, 12, 24, 48, 5 days] were taken out and measured in 4 areas with an accuracy of 0.01 mm using a digital caliper, subsequently, the results were studied using the One Way Anova method. Dimensional changes in two types of acrylic resins [Meliodent and Acropars] showed significant differences after 5 days deflasking [P=0.000], and had the least dimensional changes. No significant differences were observed between the average dimensional changes in reference points. Keeping Meliodent acrylic resin for at least 4 hours and Acropars acrylic resin for at least 12 hours after processing can reduce dimensional changes significantly. Iranian specimens of Acropars acrylic resin even show smaller dimensional changes than German specimens of Meliodent acrylic resin. After 5 days, deflasking time has the least dimensional changes in both acrylic resins

[Evaluation of relationship between length and width of natural maxillary central and lateral incisors, and some measurable parameters of the face]

With improvements in dentistry, esthetics in complete dentures has become more significant. Tooth selection has an important role in esthetics and success rate of complete denture, among which anterior teeth play a more important part. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between length and width of natural maxillary central and lateral incisors, and some measurable parameters of the face. In this descriptive study, 100 men were selected and some parameters such as length and width of right central and lateral incisor of maxilla, arc distance between the distal surface of the canines [ARCD], interalar width [IAW], vertical dimension of occlusion [VDO], and vertical dimension of rest position [VDR] were measured. For detection of the relationship between parameters of face and length and width of teeth, pearson correlation and linear regression were used. The ratio of mean central and lateral incisor lengths to mean VDO were 0.16 and 0.14 respectively. The ratio of mean central and lateral widths to mean ARCD were 0.14 and 0.10 respectively. These ratios make up to be 0.28 for both side centrals and 0.48 for centrals and laterals. By use of measurements in this study and other methods, we can determine the length and width of anterior teeth in complete dentures

[Evaluation of the fracture strength of the post - crowned teeth with and without ferrule]

Various factors affect the distribution of stress and fracture resistance of restored teeth by post and core. One of the major causes is the remaining body of the teeth, [ferrule] which was embraced by crown. The purpose of this study was to asses the effect of developing the ferrule via a crown lengthening procedure, on the fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth. 24 recently extracted second premolar of mandible were selected in this descriptive study and their crowns were cut so far that no more than 15 mm of the root remained. Then they were divided randomly into two groups of 12 and their canals were undergone rootcanal therapy. In the first group, a post-core and full metal crowns were made without ferrule, while in the second group with changing in the optimum ratio of the crown/root height, 2mm ferrule was designed and then the cast post- core and full-metal crowns were made. Finally, in both groups, a compressive load with 1 mm per minute speed and an angle to 150 on the long axis of the tooth was applied. The force was exerted in mesial marginal ridge, in 7 teeth and on the buccal cusp edge in the other 5 teeth to induce fracture. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with student t-test, chi-square and two-way ANOVA analyses 1. There was a significant difference between the mean of fracture load in the ferrule and non-ferrule groups [P<0.001]. 2. No significant difference in the mean fracture load was observed when the load was applied in the buccal-cusp edge instead of mesial marginal ridge. By adding a 2 mm cervical ferrule on top of the finishing line of mandibular premolars restored by cast post-core and crown, we can increase the fracture resistance of these teeth

[Assesment of edentulous patients motivation attending to practical denturists for providing a complete denture in mashhad in 2003-2004]

Assessment of edentulous patients' motivation to attend practical denturists office for providing a denture, was important for us. 450 patients were selected by "random sampling" method and each case was analyzed by his or her choices in the questionaire. Results were presented by bar diagrams and pie charts. There was a significant relationship between the number of patients attending denturists office and the patient's level of education. The higher the level of education the less the patients showed up in the partical denturist's office. There was also a relationship between the number of patients attending denturist's office and the patient's economical class, so the higher the economic class of the patients, the less they showed up in the practical denturists office. There were several reasons for referring to the practical denturists but the major reasons were as follow: 1. Rapid construction and delivery of denture. 2. Encouragement of relatives and friends of patients. 3. Practical denturists seemed more experienced to the patients. 4. Lower cost of practical denturist's sevices

[Comparison of three different methods for setting the artificial teeth of complete dentures]

Introduction: the occlusion of complete denture has been a subject of argument from the first attempts for treatment of edentulous patients. This study was performed to determine the subjective success of three different methods for setting the artificial teeth of complete dentures

Materials and Methods: 10 patients with normal residual alveolar ridge and jaw relationship were selected. Three complete dentures were made for each patient, the first one with normal occlusion, the second one with monoplane and the last one with lingualized occlusion. At first dentures were delivered randomly to the patients to be used for one month. The patients filled out a questionnaire 24hrs, 72hrs, 15days and one month after delivery. After one month, the second denture and then the third one were delivered to them randomly. After three months of using dentures, the patients filled out a comparative questionnaire

Results: the results showed that lingualized occlusion apparently has important advantages and deserves further evaluation and research

Conclusion: in contrast with the current concept indicating that normal occlusion is the best occlusion, this study showed that the lingualized occlusion was the best for complete denture