In vivo [rat assay] assessment of nutritional improvement of peas [Pisum sativum L.]

This study was conducted to determine the nutritional value of peas [Pisum sativum L.] in raw and cooked form and when supplemented with chicken, mutton or beef. Peas had 3.0% lysine, which decreased to 0.6% on cooking. Protein efficiency ratio [PER] of the raw pea diet improved significantly on cooking [P < 0.05]. True digestibility [TD] and net protein utilization [NPU] also showed significant improvement [P < 0.05]. Supplementation of cooked peas with 15% poultry meat, mutton or beef improved PER significantly [P < 0.05]. Higher PER, TD and NPU values were observed in diets supplemented with 15%-20% mutton or beef

Endoscopic cut to light management of posterior urethral strictures

Seven patients with impassable traumatic, iatrogenic and infective posterior urethral strictures were managed by this technique. The results of endoscopic CUT TO LIGHT" technique compare favourably with other more invasive open procedures. This procedure is easy to do and carries very low morbidity

Endoscopic management of posterior urethral disruption associated with fracture pelvis

We managed 4 cases of posterior urethral disruption following fracture pelvis, by endoscopic realignment, 11 to 14 days after injury. We used rigid endoscopes through suprapubic tract and distal urethra, for the procedure. A guide wire was passed through suprapubic cystoscope into the urinary bladder and across the disrupted posterior urethra into the distal urethra. Silicone Foleys type catheter was passed per urethra over guide wire into the bladder for 4 weeks. Intermittent self catheterisation was advised for 6 months after removal of urethral and suprapubic catheters. Good results were achieved in 3 cases, who are stricture free, continent and potent. One patient is stricture free, potent but is incontinent of urine. This technique has reduced morbidity rate and does not adversely affect subsequent ureqthroplasty, if so required

Balloon dilatation for prostatic obstruction

Retrograde balloon dilatation of prostatic urethra was performed for prostatic obstruction under cystoscopic visual Control, reusing the balloon dilatation catheter. All 31 patients were treated as in patients. Old, high surgical risk cases, because of their underlying medical problems, Were selected for the procedure. General or epidural anaesthesia was used. All patients had urethral catheter for acute retention of urine. Successful results were noted in 26 cases [84%] for upto 3-18 months follow up. In 5 cases [16%], the procedure was unsuccessful, requiring trans-urethral resection of prostate in 3 cases [10%], and conservative management in 2 cases [6%]

Benign prostatic hypertrophy [Patients profile and management]

A retrospective review of 235 patients of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy [BPH] who were managed surgically in the Department of Urology, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from June, 1987 to June, 1989 is presented. Out of these patients, 192 cases [81.7%] were treated by trans-urethral resection of prostate, 32 patients [13.6%] treated by open protectomy and 11 cases [4.6%] had bladder neck incision. Majority of the patients [70.21%] had significant preexisting medical problems. The mean age of the patients was 68.1 years and 89.37% were more than 55 year of age. The overall mortality rate of surgical management of B.P.H. was 1.2% with a morbidity rate of 15.6%. The mean age was 68.1 years. The common modes of presentation were prostration [43.41%], acute urinary retension [35.33%], chronic retension [17.44%] and other like vesical calculi [3.82%]. The overall morbidity was 15.79% and included intra-operative bleeding [3.41%], TUR syndrome [1.70%], cardiac arrythmias [0.85%], extravasation [1.70%], failure to void [3.41%], post-operative bleeding [1.28%], UTI [2.12%] and epididymitis [1.28%]. Increased morbidity was noticed in patients, presenting with pre-operative acute urinary retention, those who have had prolonged indwelling bladder catheterization, those aged more than 70 years, urban population, when T.U.R.P. time was more than 75 minutes, prostate gland size was more than 45 grams, patients who had pre-existing urinary tract infection and those who had associated vesical calculi. The overall mortality was 1.28%. Morbidity and hospital stay was comparable to previously reported international studies

Role of double pigtail stent in ureteric stone retrieval following unsuccessful ureteroscopy

We analyzed the role of indwelling pigtail stent in successful uretic stone retrieval by second ureterosocopy when first ureterscopy failed. Over a period of 44 months, initial ureteroscopy failed in 41 patients. out of them, 32 patients had gigtail stent inserted and 9 were left without any stent. The group with stent, passed stone spontaneously or had stone retrieval on second ureteroscopy in 84% cases compared with 22% unstented cases, Uretero-lithotomy was done in 5 patients [16%] with stent and 7 cases [78%] without stent, It is concluded that following failed ureteroscopy, insertion of double pigtail stent results in higher subsequent successful ureteroscopic stone removal or spontaneous passage with a lower rate of consequent ureterolithotomy