ABSTRACT
Vertebral column or spine is the main part of the upper torso of human skeleton. The vertebral enables body to bend and turn in all directions, and supports the body and vital structures such as nerves and spinal cord. The aim of this research is to quantify and measure the moment and force on the L4 and L5 vertebrae in different races and genders, during praying. The necessity of performing this type of research on the spine is to show the effects of religious activity on physical health of people with different anthropometry. In this study, for biomechanical analysis of vertebral column, two methods were used: modeling and analysis in CATIA [Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive Application] V5R20 software and torque calculations based on inverse dynamics. The amount of torque and force which are applied on the spine during praying among different races were evaluated and compared by using these methods. In addition, by application of occupational health and safety standards in software, the motor position of manikin limbs was judged. Comparison between the compressive force exerted on the L4 and L5 vertebrae and standards in software indicated the amount of force on the L4 and L5 is less than NIOSH AL, which is 3433 N. In addition, in all nationalities, compressive force and moment about L4 and L5 in woman were lower than men. Also, results showed that the relative error of the torque calculated by inverse dynamics and CATIA software was 4.6 to 20.9 percent and the maximum percentage of population who were unable to perform bowing wasbelow 1% for all nationalities. The results of this study compared with international standards such as NIOSH, indicate that applying forces on the spine during daily praying task, contrary to the statements of some articles, does not create any problems for prayer
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Motivation has been known as a most important factor in directing people for doing activities. Lack or low of motivation affect all domains of human functions and caused negative effects. The aim of this study was identifying perception of nursing students from decrease in theirs motivation to nursing
Methods: This study done with qualitative approach and using thematic analysis method. Twelve nursing students from the Fasa University of Medical Sciences were selected through purposive sampling and interviewed in three focus group interview. After data collection, all interviews were transcribed and reviewed and themes extracted. Then a list of themes prepared and similarity in meaning and concept were reviewed and based on centralization arranged in a sub-category. Then with reviewing again relevant sub-categories arranged in a category
Results: Using analysis of transcribes a significant number of preliminary themes and 6 main themes that each having few other sub-themes were extracted. The main themes included Socio-cultural, educational, managerial, research, communicational and contextual
Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that communication problems with students are the most important factor in lack or low motivation toward nursing. It is recommended that nursing instructors and managers considered above items for promoting motivation of students toward nursing
ABSTRACT
Various definitions of teaching indicate the effort of training and education scientists for knowing teaching. Achieving to ideal and effective teaching involves connection between goals, teaching methods and students' learning. Effective teaching is critical for medical sciences student learning, especially in nursing students. The aim of this study was identifying perception of nursing students from effective teaching in nursing education. This study done with qualitative approach and using thematic analysis method. Eleven nursing students from the Fasa University of Medical Sciences were selected through purposive sampling and interviewed with focus group interview. After data collection, all interviews were transcribed and reviewed and themes extracted. Then a list of themes prepared and similarity in meaning and concept were reviewed and based on centralization arranged in a sub-category. Then with reviewing again relevant sub-categories arranged in a category. Using analysis of transcribes a significant number of preliminary themes and 8 main themes that each having few other sub-themes were extracted. The main themes included readiness, dynamically, valuing, individual characteristics of teacher, organization, evaluation, applicable and resources. The results of this study revealed that individual characteristics of teacher and communication with students are more significant factors in motivation and interest to learning and effective teaching. It is recommended that nursing instructors considered above items for curriculum planning in order to effectiveness of teaching and better learning
ABSTRACT
Coronary angiography is a definite diagnostic evaluation for coronary artery disease and valvular heart disease. It is necessary to provide information to such patients in order to maximize their comfort and tolerability to the invasive procedure. The study aimed at assessing the effect of patients' education by video on comfort and tolerability of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Using quasi- experimental method with a pretest-posttest design, 128 patients with coronary artery diseases randomly assigned to two groups of control and experiment. The sample hadn't any experience of the procedure before. Control group received routine oral education by nurses and experimental group received an informative video on coronary angiography procedure as well as pre and post angiography interventions. Data were gathered through a 10-point rating visual analog scale [VAS] for comfort level and a 4-point rating scale to measure tolerability. No significant difference was found between the two groups, concerning demographic variables. It was revealed that the comfort level [P<0.001] and tolerability of the patient [P<0.05] in experimental group was higher than control group two, four and six hours after angiography [P<0.05]. The study indicated providing information on angiography through video could enhance patients' comfort and tolerability to the invasive procedure. It could result in shortened stay at hospital and increased satisfaction of patients
ABSTRACT
In many jobs such as military personnel especially in chemical attacks must active clothes to avoid physical, chemical and environmental damages. Such clothes should cause minimal physiological, mental and organic limitations on the body, beside their protective features. The of this study is to compare the Iranian NBC protective clothes with usual combat clothes, in terms of their on Aerobic capacity of the subjects. This is an experimental study. Thirty healthy male individuals according to criteria recruited for this study. After selecting type of clothes performed a physical activity according treadmill test while wearing NBC protective clothing with mask, NBC protective clothing without bind usual combat clothing. After physical activity such parameters as exhaustion time and distance measured. Aerobic capacity [Vo2max] was also predicted with Bruce equation. its: data showed that Aerobic capacity [Vo2max] in NBC protective clothing with mask was 43.4 +/- 7.91mi/kg/min, in NBC protective clothing without mask 52.05 +/- 8.37 mI/kg/min and in usual combat was 59.57 +/- 6.54 mI/kg/mm. This difference was significant [p<0.001]. These three sets of clothes had different values in Parameters such as exhaustion time and distance. In the case of tolerance time and aerobic capacity [Vo2m.ax] the results obtained from the usual combat clothes showed greater values than NBC protective clothing with and without mask [P<0.05]. The results showed that Iranian NBC protective clothes with mask cause that the person has ass tolerance time, because the aerobic capacity [Vo2max] for these clothes was observed as less than NBC protective clothes without mask and usual combat clothes