ABSTRACT
Depressive disorder is globally estimated to be as many as one in five visits to primary health care. Approximately more than 50% of depressed women in primary care are not diagnosed. As a part of a major investigation into perceptions of women's depression, this study explored how female patients and their relatives conceptualize patients' conditions in three ethnic groups in Iran [Fars, Kurds and Turks]. Qualitative methods were used for data collection. Depressed women and their relatives were purposively selected from the public psychiatric clinics affiliated to university of medical sciences in the three study cities. Twenty-five depressed women and 14 relatives were interviewed in three ethnic groups. One theme "illness meaning", including three categories: perceived symptoms, label of the illness, and effects of the illness was found through the content analysis. The participants perceived symptoms of illness as somatic and psychological depending on the participant's assumed reason for the onset of the illness. There were most similarities in term used for of the illness in the three ethnic groups. Most of the study participants described the illness in terms of nerve problems/illness, and depression "afsordehgi". The most important effects that depressed women had experienced because of their illness were marital conflict or a guilt feeling originating from their inability to support family. These findings suggest the need to recognize and choose appropriate diagnostic approach for depressed women in the context of Iran
ABSTRACT
The association between adenomatous polyps and malignancy has an important role in patient screening and follow up after polypectomy. Due to less attraction towards the segmental resection, colonoscopic evaluation of malignancy has found its utmost importance role. Polyp size and morphology have dictated the potential of malignancy in prior studies, however, in recent decade some authorities have paid further attention to dysplasia. During the present study, besides the aforementioned criteria, especial attention was paid to involved region of the colon. Between June 2001 and March 2004, the distribution of 130 adenomatous polyps was compared with synchronous invasive or in situ cancer. Patients were excluded from analysis if they had been previously familial adenomatous polyposis [FAP] or inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. Factors such as age, gender, location of the lesion, size of polyp, histological subtype of adenoma on biopsy, degree of dysplasia, synchronous cancer, color of polyp, and number of polyps were included in the data collection. Multivariate logistic regression test was used to evaluate the association between malignancy and various clinical variables. It revealed histological subtype [OR=16.4, 95%CI: 4.8-86.3], high grade of dysplasia [OR=12.9, 95%CI: 4.5-37.9] and size .1cm [OR=3.7, 95%CI: 1.9-14.1] to be independent predictor of malignancy. However, location of the lesion [OR=5.9, 95%CI: 1.9-36.9] was an independent risk factor for high-grade dysplasia. Our study recommends to strict follow-up for 3 years interval after polypectomy for distal polyps to speleinc flexure, which are greater than 1 cm with villous component