[Prevalence of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in neonates born in Tehran-Iran [2008-09]]

Regarding to probable high frequency of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PD] deficiency in Iran, screening of all neonates by cord blood is under consideration. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in newborns and the relation between gender, jaundice, hemolysis, anemia and the G6PD deficiency in neonated born in in Tehran, Iran. In this descriptive study, cord blood of 450 neonates born in Akbarabady hospital in Tehran, Iran during 2008-09 were screened. Demographic information was recorded by questionnaires and the newborns were examined for detection of jaundice till discharge. G6PD level was determined by Fluorescent Spot Test [FST]. G6PD deficient neonate were put under close observation for detection of jaundice. Enzyme activity was rechecked by spectrophotometry. Nine neonates out of 450 were G6PD deficient [8 boys and one girl]. Prevalence of G6PD deficiency was 2% [3.3% for boys and 0.5% for girls]. Six neonates of nine G6PD deficient neonates [66%] developed pathologic jaundice. Four neonates were managed by phototherapy and two by exchange transfusion. This study showed that G6PD deficiency is more prevalate among male neonates, therefore, G6PD determination is recommended to prevent the possible neonatal jaundice

Effects of resistance and endurance training on coronary heart disease biomarker in sedentary obese women

Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 is one of the factors associating obesity and inflammatory lesions like atherosclerosis. This study examined the effects of resistance [R] and endurance [E] training on serum levels of slCAM-1 and lipid profiles in sedentary obese women. Participants included 24 [8 control, 8 RT and 8 ET] obese [BMI>30] women, studied before and after 10 weeks of resistance training [40-60% of 1RM] and swimming endurance training [at 50-60% of HRmax], 3 days/week. Serum levels of slCAM-1, lipid profiles and anthropometric indices were measured at baseline and again 48 hours after training. Statistical analysis was done by paired t-test. ANOVA and Pearson correlation, and P value<0.05 was considered significant. Levels of slCAM-1 [P=0.042], cholesterol [P=0.006] and HDL-C [P=0.006] changed significantly following 10 weeks of endurance and resistance training compared to those of the control group. There was significant decrease in serum levels of slCAM-1 in the both RT [P=0.012, 21.7%] and ET groups [P=0.017, 18.4%]. Although significant changes did not exist in lipid profiles after resistance training [p>0.05], TG [P=0.001], cholesterol [P=0.043] and HDL-C [P=0.002] changed significantly in the endurance training group. Hence there were significant correlations between the primary level of slCAM-1 and primary values of BF% [P=0.031], pelvic [P=0.005] and waist [P=0.006] circumferences following endurance training, whereas changes in the levels of slCAM-1 or lipid profiles and anthropometric markers did not correlate significantly in the resistance training group [p>0.05]. Although decrease in slCAM-1 level may be associated with the beneficial effects of training on body composition or/and lipid profile, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the effects of resistance training on ICAM-1 level

[Seroepidemiologic survey of crimean-congohemorrhagic fever among slaughters and butchers in Isfahan]

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever [CCHF] is a viral zoonotic infection that, formerly several cases has been reported in Iran. During recent years some outbreaks has been reported in different parts of country including Isfahan. The purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of CCHF according to finding of IgG among butchers and slaughters of Isfahan province. In this cross-sectional study, conducted as a joint research with Arbovirus Laboratory in Pasteur Institute, IgG antibody against CCHF was assessed among 80 individuals. The study was conducted as a joint research with Arbovirus laboratory in Pasteur Institute of Iran on 2004. Overall, 4 [5%] persons were seropositive and 2 cases had borderline results. There was no statistically significant difference between butchers and slaughters. Positive cases were detected mainly in the Isfahan slaughterhouse. The findings of the current study show that although CCHF is endemic among domestic animals in Isfahan province, but seropositivity in high risk groups, e.g. butchers and slaughters is not so high. More serious measures should be considered for prevention of CCHF in high risk groups

[Determination and comparison of neonatal complications in painless epidural delivery and without pain control Qom Izadi hospital during the years 2004-5]

Provision of standard childbirth facilities has been considered as an important healthcare issue for a long time. The physical and psychological states of mothers are important factors determining the fate of delivery. Therefore, several programs have been established to decrease the mother-child mortality rates and the complications of delivery. One of the most common approaches for controlling the pain of delivery is application of local anesthesia such as epidural, spinal, or a combination of these methods. It has been shown that complications of epidural anesthesia are less than other methods of local anesthesia employed for the painless delivery. In this study, a comparison is made between two groups of 80 neonates delivered by either NVD or EU. A form was designed for collection of data including Apgar score at first minute, need for CPR, NICU admission, FHR variability, breast feeding time, duration of hospital stay, and neonatal reflexes. The data were analyzed by chi-square and fisher tests using SPSS software. There was no significant difference between the neonates born by EA or NVD at the 95% confidence level. Based on these findings it could be concluded that epidural anesthesia for delivery does not lead to neonatal complications more than that of NVD without pain control. Therefore, this method could be recommended to mothers, who choose elective cesarean section to avoid the pain of childbirth