Prevalence of fatty liver disease among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its relation to insulin resistance

A substantial proportion of the mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM] is related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD] and its complications. Insulin resistance is a major etiologic factor for the development of fatty liver. We aimed to study the prevalence of NAFLD among T2DM patients and its relation to insulin resistance. Patients with T2DM that were referred to a tertiary referral center in Tehran from February 2003 to August 2005 were evaluated. Patients with characteristic findings on ultrasonography were considered as having fatty Livers. The Homeostasis Model Assistant - Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR] and Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index [QUICKI] were calculated as measures of insulin resistance. Of the 172 patients included in the study, 96 [55.8%] had evidence of fatty livers, 6 of which [3.5% of total] presented with elevated liver enzymes. BMI and triglyceride levels in the fatty liver group were significantly higher than patients with normal livers [p=0.002 and 0.036, respectively]. The HOMA-IR and QUICKI indexes were not significantly different between the two groups. Fatty liver is a common finding among T2DM patients. The degree of insulin resistance does not appear to be predictive of fatty liver among this population

[Study of the susceptible factor in wife abuse among women referred to karaj forensic medicine center in 2005: a case - control study]

Violence against women, which is seen in most societies, is a concealed social disorder. This social issue in itself gives rise to other health and social problems among its victims. This study attempted to identify the contributing factors in violence against women in Iran by evaluating the cases referred to Karaj Forensic Medicine Center. In this case- control study, a questionnaire was fulfilled for 100 married women who suffered violence at home and referred by the judiciary in 2005 to Karaj forensic medicine center, and also 100 married women who referred to Karaj forensic medicine kenter by the judiciary for reasons other than wife abuse and report no history of violence at home. With increasing age of women and men, wife abuse decreased. There was no significant association between education level of men or women and wife abuse [NS]. Crime history [P < 0.001], polygamy [p < 0.001], religious conviction [p < 0.001] and addiction of husband [p < 0.001] had a significant association with wife abuse. Lower age of woman, addiction of man, and low economic welfare of family of man were independent predictors of wife abuse. In addition, our study revealed that incompatibility of partners, guardianship of a person in family of husband, polygamy, religious conviction of man, violence against children, man job, and history of criminal record are the contributing factors in wife abuse