[Comparison of diagnostic value of ultrasonography versus magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of shoulder rotator cuff muscles tears]

Rotator cuff muscles tears are among the most common problems of shoulder joint. This disorder is diagnosed most commonly by imaging methods especially ultrasound and MRI. According to previous studies, both of these methods have high diagnostic value. Because of small sample sizes and inappropriate gold standards in these studies and also lack of enough studies in our country we decided to conduct this study to compare ultrasound and MRI for diagnosis of rotator cuff muscles tears. We performed shoulder ultrasonography and MRI for 100 patients before shoulder surgery in this descriptive analytical study. The results of ultrasonography and MRI were reported separately by 2 radiologists. Using SPSS 19 software, data were analyzed by McNamara's test. 27 of 100 patients that underwent surgery had tears in rotator cuff muscles [20 with complete tear and 7 with partial tear]. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 92.6%, 95.9%, 89.3% and 97.2% for ultrasonography, and 96.3%, 97.3%, 95.9% and 98.6% respectively for MRI. There was no significant difference between the two methods [P>0.05]. According to the results of this study both of these methods have high accuracy in the diagnosis of rotator cuff muscles tears and can be used for patient evaluation

[Prevalence of oral and maxillofacial manifestations in patients with multiple sclerosis]

With regards to the high and increasing prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis [MS] and its demolishing effects on central nervous system and oro-facial nerves appearing oral and maxillofacial manifestations, this study was carried out on the prevalence of oral and maxillofacial manifestations and its related factors in MS patients in 2010.This cross-sectional study was performed on 400 MS patients that were selected by sequential sampling. Oral and maxillofacial manifestations evaluated were as follows: Trigerninal neuralgia, Dysarthria, Dysphagia, [TemporoMandibular Dysfunction] TMD, facial palsy and visual symptoms. Occurrence of each manifestation was determined and its confidence interval was evaluated within a probability of 95% and the role of the related factors was analyzed with the Chi-square test. 89.2% of the samples demonstrated oral and maxillofacial manifestation. The most frequent manifestations were: Visual symptoms 79.5%, Dysarthria 44. 3%, Dysphagia 21%, Facial Palsy 15.3%, and TMD 14.3% and the least frequent was Trigeminal neuralgia with 13.3%. The related individual and familial factors showed no relation to the incidence of these manifestations. However compared to the patients with no oral and maxillofacial symptoms, the ones with these symptoms were three times more likely to contract MS with duration of more than seven years. This study revealed a high incidence of oral and maxillofacial manifestations in MS patients therefore it cause for great concern

Nasal carrier rates and antibiogram pattern of staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from hospital staff in teaching hospitals in Bandar Abbas

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogens in nosocomial infections. About 30-50% of people harbor this organism in their nose. Since carrier status in hospital staff is a major source of S. aureus infections in hospitalized patients, it is of great importance to detect carriers for preventive strategies. In this cross-sectional study, nasal carriage of S. aureus was studied in 200 hospital staff, working in teaching hospitals, in Bandar Abbas. The nasal swabs of the subjects were cultured on blood agar and manitol salt agar media. Identificaion of isolates was performed by catalase, coagulase and DNase test. Antibiogram pattern and beta-lactamase activity of isolates were assessed according to Kirby-Bauer and acidimetric methods, respectively. Nasal carriage state was found in 33 individuals [16%]. The maximal carrier rate was observed in internal ward [40%]. The strains were quite resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins. All of the isolates were sensitive to imipenem. High degree of sensitivity [>95%] was also observed to netilin, rifampin and vancomycin. The isolates were completely resistant to colistin, lincomycin, neomycin and streptomycin. Penicillinase activity was observed in 27.3% of isolates. Regarding high frequency of nasal carriage states, more attention should be paid on screening and treatment of carriers

Comparison of Visual Perceptually Skills in Normal and Dyslexia Children in Ahvaz

Characterized by an unexpected difficulty in and is characterized by Dyslexia is perhaps the most common neurobehavioral disorder affecting children. Many theories have discussed the etiology of dyslexia in which defect in visual perception is the current one. This study aims to detennine the visual perception skill in children this research surveys visual perception of children affected by dyslexia as compared with the normal. In this cross-sectional study, children with dyslexia and 35 healthy children 35 recruited from elementary schools in Ahwaz by using Diagnostic Reading Test [Shirazi and Nilipour, 1381]. They selected subjects performed TVPS-R tasks to determine the visual perceptual skill. There were no significant differences between visual perceptive skills of children with dyslexia in comparison with the normal children. [Kolmogrov- Smironov, t-Test].so this research collaborates with those seeking the other presumable causes of dyslexia. According to the results of this study, the underlying biological cause of the visual disorders and their precise Impact on reading still needs to be elucidated. The hypothesis of a magnocellular origin does not seem to be well supported

list of persian words and determining the reliability and validity of [SNORS] system

One of the most prevalent problems in individuals suffering from resonance disorder is nasal air escape. Super Nasal Oral Ratio System [SNORS] is such an instrument which determines ratio of air escape from nasal and oral cavities. A precise judgment may be implemented by comparing the measured ratio of these patients with those of normal persons. It was an analytical-descriptive study in which 30 words [validated by speech pathologists] were chosen. The cases including 22 female and 15 male were asked to read these terms 10 times and then nasal ratio for each term was measured by SNORS. The test was repeated two weeks later to assure reliability of the words. There was no significant difference in ratio of each term. However repetition of the test showed no significant difference between words for nasal ratio but for 8 words. In 22 selected words 10 words [5 words nasal consonant and 5 words without it] with lowest standard deviation were selected as final list. The final list of words may be used for assignment of nasal ratio in males and females by SNORS