ABSTRACT
Introduction: Despite the outstanding results generally obtained with Imatinib in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia, some patients show sub-optimal or no response. To evaluate the relationship between steady-state trough plasma concentration and clinical response in CML patients. The objectives of this study were to assess the variability in Imatinib pharmacokinetics and to explore the effects of several demographic and biological covariates on the disposition of Imatinib
Methods: A population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed on 170 plasma samples from 74 adult Iranian chronic myeloid leukemia patients. A population pharmacokinetics model was developed to evaluate the influence of covariates on clearance and volume of distribution
Results: A one-compartment model with first-order absorption appropriately described the data, giving a mean [+/-SEM] clearance of 14.3l [+/-1.0] and a volume of distribution of 347 l [+/-62]. Clearance was influenced by body weight, age and gender. By considering these covariates the interindividual variability decreased from 47% to 19%. A large proportion of the interindividual variability [19% of clearance and 45% of volume of distribution] remained unexplained by these demographic covariates
Discussion and Conclusion: By considering morphological and biological covariates, a unique covariate model could be used to accurately describe Imatinib pharmacokinetics in our population and because of the pharmacokinetic variability of Imatinib and the reported relationships between its plasma concentration and efficacy and toxicity, the usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring as an aid to optimizing therapy should be further investigated
ABSTRACT
The current study aimed to test the hypothesis: Is suicide predictable? And try to classify the predictive factors in multiple suicide attempts. A cross-sectional study was administered to 223 multiple attempters, women who came to a medical poison centre after a suicide attempt. The participants were young, poor, and single. A Logistic Regression Analiysis was used to classify the predictive factors of suicide. Women who had multiple suicide attempts exhibited a significant tendency to attempt suicide again. They had a history for more than two years of multiple suicide attempts, from three to as many as 18 times, plus mental illnesses such as depression and substance abuse. They also had a positive history of mental illnesses. Results indicate that contributing factors for another suicide attempt include previous suicide attempts, mental illness [depression], or a positive history of mental illnesses in the family affecting them at a young age, and substance abuse
ABSTRACT
Injection Drug Users [IDUs] include more than 69.9% of known HIV/AIDS cases in Iran. The most important causes of HIV among them are syringe sharing and high risk behaviours such as sexual practice with different partners. Since IDUs are hard to reach and there is little information about them, this behavioural survey conducted to explore Zanjan district.s injection drug users in relation to HIV/AIDS. In this descriptive-cross sectional study, 61 IDUs, inhabitants of Zanjan, were selected in non-random sampling by referring to the most probable sites and places of their presence. Data was collected using a standard Family Health Behavioral Surveillance Survey [BSS] questionnaire designed especially for IDUs. Mean duration of non injected and injected drug use was 12.1 +/- 5 and 4.5 +/- 3.5 years respectively, and age of the first injection was 24 +/- 5.4 years. The most frequently injected drug was Heroin [96.7%] and the most noninjected one was Cannabis [85.2]. 55.7% of IDUs injected 4 or more times per day, and 32.8% reported needle sharing. 100% of the subjects knew the role of used syringe in HIV transmitting. 44.3% had taken an HIV test, and 70.4% knew about their HIV status. The early age of starting drug injection, needle sharing, coverage of voluntary HIV testing in less than 25%, and unawareness of 1/3 of them about their HIV test status indicate the significance of priority and service delivery to this most high risk group