reduction in anxiety and depression by education of patients with myocardial infarction

The myocardial infarction is the interruption of blood circulation heart that causes its cells to die. This deprives the heart muscle of blood and oxygen, and causes chest pain and pressure sensation. Hypertension and other risk factors like high cholesterol, cigarette smoking, and physical inactivity, can lead to coronary heart diseases with symptoms of depression and anxiety that predict subsequent mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education on anxiety and depression in patients with myocardial infarction in selected hospitals of Urmia hospitals in 2009. This study was a quasi-experimental study that comprised 124 patients selected randomly and divided into two groups. The experimental group was educated by a face to face training and educational booklet. Control group did not receive any intervention. The level of anxiety and depression was evaluated by using HADS questionnaire at 3 intervals .After 48 hours of admission, discharge day and 2 months after discharge. The findings suggest that MI patients worried about their social role, interpersonal relations and personal health, which can exacerbate symptoms and complicate their future care. There was no significant difference between control and experimental groups before the intervention, But after the intervention, anxiety and depression in the experimental group was significantly less than control group [P<0.05]. Considering the beneficial effect of intervention on reducing anxiety and depression in such patients, the patient's education should be one of the health care goals. Most researches may also be required to confirm the results in other groups of patients

[Neurotrophic effects of silibinin on differentiation of hair follicle stem cells to neurons]

Hair Follicle Bulge region due to its availability and abundance is one of the areas which is easily accessible to Multi-potent stem cells that expresses Nestin marker [neuronal stem cells protein]. Stem cells bulge region in hair follicle stem cells has high potency to be differentiated to neuronal cells. Silibinin as an active component of Silybum marianum has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, hepatoprotective, neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the neurotrophic effects of silibinin on differentiation of hair follicle stem cells to neurons. Bulge area of whiskers in Rat was isolated and cultivated three weeks in supplemented DMEM/F12 and epidermal growth factor [EGF]. Then the cells were exposed over the concentrations of 0.05microg/ml, 0.1microg/ml, 0.4microg/ml, 0.5microg/ml, 0.7microg/ml Silibinin and Neurotrophin-3. Two weeks after culture, plated bulge cells were immunostained with Nestin and differentiated stem cells were immunostained with beta III tubulin by immunocytochemistry techniques. The results were evaluated by T-test student analysis. A Pvalue less than 0.05 was considered significant. The nestin marker was clearly demonstrated in bulge regions during the first week, but after two weeks, parallel to stem cells differentiating neuronal cells, beta III tubulin marker was expressed in neuronal cells. The toxic effects of 1microg/ml Silibinin on stem cells were also demonstrated, and it stopped the cell growth at the end of the first week. The maximum differentiation on stem cells in 0.5microg/ml Silibinin was observed to be significant [P<0.05]. Silibinin concentration increase led to reduced differentiation. Silibinin with neurotrophin 3 increased the differentiation of stem cells. Silibinin concentrations of 1microg/ml and more have toxic effects on hair follicles stem cell differentiation. Also, silibinin concentrations less than 0.1microg/ml had no effect on proliferation and differentiation hair follicle stem cells. Whereas 0.5microg/ml concentrations had significant effects on the differentiation processes of hair follicle stem cells to neuron

Epidemiology of burn injuries in west Azerbaijan province, western Iran

Burn injuries are in many respects the most of all tragedies an individual can experience. So there was an attempt to quantify the frequency of burn injuries, identify the risk and predisposing factors, determine the health outcomes at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia, westen Iran. From March 2005 to March 2006, all demographic and epidemiological information of 639 patients [48.36% female and 51.64% male] about the burns and the complications were provided from the records of patients at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia, Western Azarbaijan Province, westen Iran. The incidence rate of burn hospitalization was 21.6 per 100.000. Almost 31.8% of admissions were in the 16-25 years age group. Pediatric [<5 years] and geriatric [> 65 Years] burns were [21.6%] and [3.2%], respectively. Burning with flame, the most common cause of burning, accounted for 36.4% of admissions in males and for 43.6% in females. The mortality rate was 25.9%. The percentage of patients who had more than 40% body surface area [BSA] burn was 30.9%. Patients with >40% BSA burn had a mortality of 76.7%. The mean BSA burn was 33.8% in males and 25.2% in females. Admissions from Urmia were the most among the cities of the province. The mean duration of hospitalization was 7.76 days. The most cases occurred from October 22 to November 22; 10.95%] and from Jun 21 to July 21; 9.54%]. The results of this study help to guide health care efforts towards the prevention of burn injuries and provide a valuable baseline for assessing future efforts directed toward the prevention of burn injuries

[Triple pregnancy after tubal ligation, a case report]

We report a case of a triple pregnancy after tubal ligation [TL] in a 24-year-old woman. The patient found out that she was pregnant about 2 years after TL. A live fetus and two other dead fetuses were reported in sonography at 17[th] week of pregnancy. In a determined time, Cesarean/Section and TL was done and the single term girl fetus and the two other dead fetuses in a papyrus form on the placenta were born

[Study of differentiation of hippocampal stem cells into rod photoreceptors in rat]

Vision is one of the most important organs in the body. Damage to this organ causes a severe disability in humans. In retinitis pigmentosa, the degeneration of photoreceptors causes blindness. So far, more than 100 mutations have been detected in photoreceptors, which they result in opsin malfunction. The aim of present study is to differentiate the hippocampal stem cells of rat to the rod photoreceptors. Stem cells of the hippocampus were obtained from rat embryos, 18 days of age [E18]. Pregnant female rats were killed and the head of their embryos were separated. Then, the embryos' hippocampus was removed according to Banker's method. Hippocampal cells were dissociated by Fish Bach's method. The cells were cultured in flasks [25cm[2]]. After 3 days, the cells were isolated by trypsin, counted using trypan blue and hemocytometer. Cell suspensions were prepared in two cell concentrations; high [2x10[5]cells/ micro l] and low [2x10[4] cells/ micro l] concentration, then, cultured using DMEM/F12 supplemented with fetal bovine serum 10% [FBS] in six wells plates. Prior to culture of the cells, the first and second row of plates were coated with poly L-lysine and inactivated astrocytes, respectively. Following incubation of the plates at 37°C for 4 days, different concentrations of All Transe Retinoic Acid [ATRA] and 9-CIS RA were added daily for 6 days, and finally immunocytochemistery was carried out using anti-opsin monoclonal antibody. The results of current study showed that the plates, which are respectively treated with ATRA and 9-CIS RA in a concentration of 500nM and 100nM for 6 days had the most differentiated cells. In addition, maximum differenced cells were observed with 100nM of 9-Cis RA. The differentiated cells were detected in wells, which were only coated with inactivated astrocytes in either a high or low concentration of cell suspension. These findings indicated that inactivated astrocytes as a feeder layer and extrinsic factors such as [ATRA] and 9-Cis RA increase differentiation of hippocampal stem cells into rod photoreceptors

[Primary ovarian lymphoma]

Primary ovarian lymphoma is extremely rare [less of 1% total ovarian malignancies]. Its presentation is similar to ovarian malignancies. This is a report about primary ovarian lymphoma in a 32 years old woman. Because of clinical signs and serial sonography reports about the presence of a mass in her right ovary, laparotomy was performed. Her pathological report showed a malignant diffuse lymphoma Type B cell. The patient was referred to oncologist to perform combo-chemotherapy

[Effect of fasting on some biochemical parameters of blood, urine and the weight of fetus in the fasting pregnant]

Hunger is determined by intensifying and increasing the metabolism diving during pregnancy. In pregnancy, the prolonged hunger is demonstrated in the from of hypoglycemia and hyperketonuria. These changes may affect the fetus weight. Thus, this study has been performed to check the effect of fasting on the parameters such as: blood and, urine biochemistry and the weight of infant in fasting pregnant women. The present study was conducted before and after Ramadhan on 200 healthy pregnant women who had fasted at least 10 days of holy month of Ramadhan in 1380 and 1379. Blood [5 CC] and urine sample were collected twice: one 48 hours before Ramadhan and the next time the samples were collected from pregnant women who had fasted 10 [95 person], 2- [63 persons] and 29 [42] days. Parameters under investigation were cholesterol, triglyceride and B.S. [blood sugar]. Their infants' weight was followed and they were compared with the mean of the infants' weight of 100 pregnant, whose pregnancy hadn't been in Ramadhan. To analyze the data, paired t-test and t-test were used in the 5% significant level. Results showing that the FBS [Fasting Blood Sugar] mean after fasting in the group with 10 day fasting [P=0.031] and the groups with 20 or 29 [P=0.000] has been significantly than FBS before fasting . Also, the cholesterol and triglyceride changes have been significant [P=0.000]. There was not observed any significant difference between the infants' weight of the fastened mothers and the ones' weight of non-fastened mothers [P=0.062]. Meanwhile, there has not been any significant difference in the amount of keton before/after fasting in all groups. In this research, it seems that the 12 - hour fasting in the temperate season, in spite of reducing blood sugar, triglyceride and cholesterol hasn't caused ketonuria and weight loss clearly. So, it seems that the pregnant will not have probably any problem biochemically

Examining the correlation between adenomatous colorectal polyps with different grade of dysplasia and their distribution in the large intestine, Milad Hospital, 2001-2004

The association between adenomatous polyps and malignancy has an important role in patient screening and follow up after polypectomy. Due to less attraction towards the segmental resection, colonoscopic evaluation of malignancy has found its utmost importance role. Polyp size and morphology have dictated the potential of malignancy in prior studies, however, in recent decade some authorities have paid further attention to dysplasia. During the present study, besides the aforementioned criteria, especial attention was paid to involved region of the colon. Between June 2001 and March 2004, the distribution of 130 adenomatous polyps was compared with synchronous invasive or in situ cancer. Patients were excluded from analysis if they had been previously familial adenomatous polyposis [FAP] or inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. Factors such as age, gender, location of the lesion, size of polyp, histological subtype of adenoma on biopsy, degree of dysplasia, synchronous cancer, color of polyp, and number of polyps were included in the data collection. Multivariate logistic regression test was used to evaluate the association between malignancy and various clinical variables. It revealed histological subtype [OR=16.4, 95%CI: 4.8-86.3], high grade of dysplasia [OR=12.9, 95%CI: 4.5-37.9] and size .1cm [OR=3.7, 95%CI: 1.9-14.1] to be independent predictor of malignancy. However, location of the lesion [OR=5.9, 95%CI: 1.9-36.9] was an independent risk factor for high-grade dysplasia. Our study recommends to strict follow-up for 3 years interval after polypectomy for distal polyps to speleinc flexure, which are greater than 1 cm with villous component

Effects of retinoic acid and astrocyte as a feeder layer in differentiation of hippocampal stem cell

Adult stem cells are pluripotent cells conventionally isolated from some part of body by different methods. From developmental stand point, murine neural stem cells represent an accessible and important system for studies of basic stem cell property such as self- renewal and multipotency. In this study hippocampal stem cells obtained from embryonic day 18 [E18]. Pregnant female rats were killed, embryos heads separated and then hippocampus isolated by the method of Banker, then their cells dissociated by the methods of Fishbach, and plated in flask 25cm, after 3 days cells separated by tripsin, counted with trepan blue and hemocytometer, divided into two density [high 200000] and [low 20000 cells]. Before transplantation of cells, six well plates coated with poly L lysin and inactivated astrocyte. Then isolated cells transplanted into 6 well plate for 4 days with medium DMEM/F12 supplemented with FBS10%. After 4 days different doses of ARTA and RA cis-9 added per well for 6 days, and then immunocytochemistery were done. After 6 days of treatment with above factors, doses of 100nM RA cis-9 and 500 nM ATRA have the more staining cells with monoclonal antibody. But in 100 nM RA cis-9, we saw maximum differentiated cells. All of differentiation were done on wells with inactivated astrocyte layer in high and low density. Inactivated astrocyte as a feeder layer and extrinsic factors such as All Transe Retinoic Acid [ATRA] and RA cis-9 can cause differentiation in hippocampal stem cells into photoreceptor like cell

[Effects of retinoic acid and astrocyte as a feeder layer in differentiation of hippocampal stem cell]

Background: Adult stem cells are pluripotent cells conventionally isolated from some part of body by different methods. From developmental stand point, murine neural stem cells represent an accessible and important system for studies of basic stem cell property such as self- renewal and multipotency

Materials and Methods: In this study hipocampal stem cells obtained from embryonic day 18 [E18] Pregnant female rats were killed, embryos heads separate and then hippocampus isolated by the method of Banker, then their cells dissociated by the methods of Fishbach, and plated in flask 25cm, after 3 days cells separated by tripsin, counted with trepan blue and hemocytometer, divided into two density [high 200000] and [low 20000 cells]. Before transplantation of cells, six well plates coated with poly L lysin and inactivated astrocyte, Then isolated cells transplanted into 6 well plate for 4 days with medium DMEM/F12 supplemented with FBS10%. After 4 days different doses of ARTA and RA cis-9 added per well for 6 days, and then immunocytochemistery were done

Results: After 6 days of treatment with above factors, doses of 100nM RA cis-9 and 500 nM ATRA have the more staining cells with monoclonal antibody . But in 100 nM RA cis-9, we saw maximum differentiated cells. All of differentiation were done on wells with inactivated astrocyte layer in high and low density

Conclusions: Inactivated astrocyte as a feeder layer and extrinsic factors such as All Transe Retinoic Acid [ATRA] and RA cis-9 can cause differentiation in hippocampal stem cells into photoreceptor like cell