ABSTRACT
Introduction: a low level of health literacy is common among patients with Type 2 diabetes, and may be a barrier to self-efficacy and self-care behaviors. The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between health literacy, and self-care and self-efficacy in Patients with Type 2 diabetes
Materials and Methods: a cross- sectional analytical study was conducted in 2017. Participants were type 2 diabetes patients from the rural health clinics in khorramshahr city, of which 121 were selected via random cluster sampling methods. Data collection tools were a health literacy scale [14-items], self-care scale [12 items] and self-efficacy scale [8 items]. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 22, and by Pearson's correlation, T-test, ANOVA, and Stepwise Regression analytical statistics
Results: the mean scores of health literacy, self-care and self-efficacy in patients were 2.90 +/- 0.53, 3.39 +/- 1.31 and 6.77 +/- 1.80, respectively. Pearson correlations indicated a positive relationship between health literacy, and both self-care and self-efficacy [P<0.0001 for both]
Conclusion: designing a curriculum for diabetes patients with low health literacy is required, and improving their information and health literacy, through a curriculum and regular training programs in health education centers is recommended
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Nursing is a stressful occupation that its related tensions could affect individual spiritual health. Therefore, defense style against stress is very important for nurses. The aim of this study was comparative defense style used by nursing personnel in stressful situations, in Abadan College of Medical Sciences
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was carried out at the Abadan College of Medical Sciences. The study population consisted of 100 nurses from Abadan and Khorramshahr hospitals' that was selected by purposive Sampling method. Data were collected by questionnaires include demographic data and [Defensive Styles Questionnaire-40] that consist of three parts of mature defense style, neurotic and immature. Cronbach alpha of the questionnaire was 0.82 and data were analyzed using SPSS/18 software. Appropriate statistical analysis such as one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and t-test were employed to analyze the collected data
Finding: The results showed that 67.3% of Taleghani Hospitals and 67.2% of Vali-e-asr hospitals' Nurses used mature defense style as defense mechanism. The mean score for mature defense style was 11.55???2.4 which illustrates that most nurses used this type of defense style
Conclusion: Although the results of this study showed that most nurses' in front of occupational exposure to stress used appropriate and mature defense mechanisms but around one - third of them used inappropriate defense mechanism. Teaching defense style to nurses to cope with anxiety and stress is suggested for future study work