[Effects of eucalyptus camaldulensis exracts on trichimonas vaginalis growth in vitro]

Trichimonas vaginalis is a flagellate protozoa that cause trichomoniasis. Metronidazole which is drug of choice for treatment of this infection has many side effects so the patients are unsatisfied with its using, so it is necessary to seek for alternative drugs. Eucalyptus camaldulensis herb with strong anti-microbial affects is considered as an alternative drug. Investigating the effect of Eucalyptus camaldulensis as an alternative drug Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. Eucalyptus camaldulensis extraction was prepared using perculasion method. In test tubes containing parasite culture medium different concentrations of the plant extract were added. In other test tubes metronidazole or extract solvent as controls were added. 100 live Trichomonas vaginalis added to each tube and all tubes kept in 37°C and tested for presence of the parasite every 24 hours up to 72 hours. For this purpose 10 microliter of each tube examined under microscope. in tubes with higher concentration of Eucalyptus camaldulensis extract and also in tube containing metronidazole no parasite was observed. In negative control tubes parasite had a normal growth. According to results of this study Eucalyptus camaldulensis extract had strong effects on Trichomonas vaginalis growth. Further investigation is recommended to use this plant as alternative drug for treatment of trichomoniasis

[Effect of ethanolic and watery extract of aerial parts of Stachys lavandulifolia on Trichomonas vaginalis, in vitro]

Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common curable sexually transmitted disease world wide. In view of increased resistance of the parasite to classical drugs of the metronidazole family, the need for new unrelated agents is increasing. In Charmahal va bakhtiare province Stachys lavandulifolia traditionally used for vaginal infection. The study evaluates anti trichmonas activity of of ethanolic and watery extract of aerial parts Stachys lavandulifolia. This study has been carried out as double blind in test and control groups. Etanolic and watery were extracted by hydro distillations. The parasite was isolated from vagina. Sample were collected from vaginal discharges of six patients and cultured in laboratory. Identification were done through direct smear preparation, parasite was added to the 9 test tubes containing metronidazole, etanolic and watery extraction of Stachys lavandulifolia with concentration of [10, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000microL/ml] order to determine the effect of these concentration within 72 hours. Finding suggested that the Trichomonas vaginalis could be alive in TYIS-33, watery and ethanolic extraction within 72 hours. In presence of metronidazole for no alive parasite was detected after 72 hours. Number of parasite in TYIS-33, watery [10, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000microg/ml] and ethanolic extraction [10, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000microg/ml] and ethanol was 1504, 1504, 100, 1304, < 100, 577 respectively. Finding demonstrates further studies are required of of Stachys lavandulifolia to evaluate its microbicidal activity against other sexually transmitted infection

[Evaluation of bacterial and fungal contamination in equipments used in ladies and gentleman barbers in Shahrekord, 2009]

Background and aims: Barbers are public places and people with different economical, cultural, and health conditions are referred to these places and the public health care, could be very important. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the contamination level in equipments used in ladies and gentleman barbers by determining the fungal and Staphylococcus aurous infections

Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, data collection was done by completing the checklist. Microbial and fugal analysis were included the germ tube and Slide culture

Results: Staphylococcus aurous was the main bacterial contamination at the rate of 12.4%. The causes of fungal contamination included Dermatophyte [Microsporum nanum] 1%, Candida albicans 8.2%, Penicillium 11%, Rhizopus 3.3% and Scopulariopsis less than one percent

Conculsion: The results show that the infection ratio by the Staphylococcus aurous and Dermatophyte in the barber's equipments in Shahrekord is lower than the other reports

[Molecular characterization of the strains cause sheep-hydatid cyst, in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary province using restriction fragment length polymorphism]

Hydatid cyst in the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, a member of cestodes. This parasite causes echinococcusis in human and some other mammalians. To date, the different strains of the parasite have been reported across the world and this variation may affect the epidemiology and pathogenicity of the Hydatid cyst. Therefore, using polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism [PCR-RFLP] this study was aimed to conduct the molecular characterization of the protoscolex stage of the parasite in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary province, Iran. In this study, 30 samples of sheep-hydatid cysts were collected from slaughterhouses across the province. Subsequently, using phenol-chloromphorm method, DNA of the samples was extracted, and then the ribosomal DNA-internal transcribed spacer1 [rDNA-ITS1] fragment of each isolate was amplified using primer BD1 [forward] and 4S [reverse]. The primers were either genus or species specific. Finally, the PCR products were digested using restriction enzymes Alul, RSal, Hpall, and Taql and subjected to electrophoresis and staining. The size of PCR product in this research was 1000 base pair [bp]. Using Alul enzyme, two fragments of 800bp and 200bp were created. Rsal digestion also revealed two fragments of 345bp and 655bp. Digestion with HpaII enzyme, created two fragments of 700bp and 300bp. Finally, when Tapl enzyme was used no digestion occurred. The final results of this investigation showed that the sheep-hydatid cyst strain in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary province of Iran is G[1], which is the same as sheep strains all over the world

Survey of the risk factors of hydatid cyst infection in Lordegan area of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province of Iran, 2004

Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease and is distributed worldwide. The disease is endemic in most parts of Iran and due to presence of husb and ry jobs, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province of Iran is potentially one of the high risk areas for the disease. Seroepidemiological investigations in this province revealed that Lordegan area had a high prevalence of Hydatid cyst. This survey was performed to find the risk factors of the disease in Lordegan area. This descriptive and analytical study was performed on 500 cases selected randomly from all the people above 15 years old in Lordegan area. A questionnaire containing risk factors of the disease was filed in by each individual. Thirty butcher shops were also inspected and were asked about Hydatid cyst risk factors. Healthy drinking water was available for 88.2%. Effective washing of vegetables was practiced by 54.4% of the individuals. 7.2% were aware about transmission routes of the disease. In 8.4% of cases foods were exposed to dust. Dogs were kept at home of 22.4% of the cases and 42.6% of the individuals kept domestic animals in their houses. 75% of them expressed the presence of stray dogs in their living places. Questionnaire forms filled by butchers showed that in 30% of the cases, stray dogs were present in the butchery places and in 20%, the dogs were fed by infected meats. 40% of the butchers blow under the skin of slathered livestock to facilitate the process of skin off. Results of this survey indicated that all people especially butchers should be subjected to health education about risk factors of Hydatid cyst

Seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies among pregnant women from Chaharmahal and Bakhtyari province using indirect immunoflurescent in 2006-2007

The most serious form of Toxoplasma gondii infection, congenital toxoplasmosis occurs when a non-immune woman is affected during the pregnancy. Thus, having knowledge about Toxoplasma seroprevalence among women during childbearing ages and /or pregnancy is of public health importance. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma antibodies during the first trimester of pregnancy in women aged 15-45 years referred to the health centers of the province. In this descriptive-analytical study, 384 serum samples from pregnant women aged 15-45 years during the first trimester of their pregnancies were examined and tittered for anti-Toxoplasma antibody using Indirect Immunofluorescent Antibody [IFA] method. Using X[2] test, the data were analyzed. Total anti-Toxoplasma antibodies were found in 106 women out of 384 [27.6%], with serum levels ranged between 1:20 and 1:2560. The highest rate of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies was found in pregnant women aged 40-45 years [50%] [p<0.05]. There was a past history of spontaneous abortion in 29.3% of the sero-positive subjects. Also, 38.5% of the sero-positive women had a history of cat keeping in their house or had a close contact with the animal [p<0.05]. There was also a history of lamb meat consumption in 82.2% of sero-positive subjects [p<0.05], while the rate of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies was 65% for raw vegetables consumers. The highest and the lowest rates of anti-Toxoplasma sero-prevalence occurred in Shahrekord [51.9%] and Farsan [6%] districts, respectively. This rate was also 25% and 29.5% for urban and rural areas, respectively. The findings showed that a large proportion of pregnant women from this area are at risk of infection with Toxoplasma and may be infected during next months of their pregnancies or in their further pregnancies