ABSTRACT
Long term evaluations of impacts of communitybased health promotion programmes are not an easy orstraightforward task to do due to lack of validated andreliable indices. Objective: To develop and test an indexto measure schoolchildren’s oral health knowledge,attitudes, and behaviour as a result of a school-based healthpromotion programme in Malaysia called the DoktorMuda (Junior Doctor) Programme (DMP). Materials andMethods: The index was developed in English based onthe DMP module and translated into Malay. The Malayversion was tested on 174, 11-12 year old schoolchildren.Psychometric analysis of the index involved content andface validity tests as well as factor analysis, internal andtest-retest reliability. Results: Factor analysis yielded 3factors with groups of items viz. oral health knowledge(OHK), oral health attitudes (OHA) and oral healthbehaviour (OHB). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of thethree factors were 0.61, 0.73, and 0.64, respectively. TheKappa coefficients were 0.70, 0.77 and 0.73, respectively(intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.72, 0.70 and 0.78).The final questionnaire comprised 33 items, namely; OHK11 items, OHA 15 items, and OHB 7 items. Conclusion:The Health Promotion Questionnaire Index (HPQI) tomeasure the DMP impact on schoolchildren’s oral healthknowledge, attitudes, and behaviours was empiricallyverified to be valid and reliable for use among 11-12 yearold Malaysian schoolchildren.
ABSTRACT
Our study is concerning a serial of 96 cases of the olecranonbone fracture treated within the department of Orthopedics in H.M.I.M.V between 1995 and 2000.The average age is 34 years [17-59 years], with a most dominance of males [84.3%]. The left side is most concerned [67.7%] although. The circumstances of the trauma are due to a direct traumatism caused by a fall on the olecranon-bone [83.3%]. The diagnosis are based on clinic observation and confirmed by regular radiography for all cases. All fractures are joint displaced. The treatment comprises at first a reduction of the fracture and restrain with osteosynthesis technics for all cases [100%]: embrochage-haubannage with vicryl n°2, in number eight like figure with framing. Our post-operatory resultsare presented as follows, according to Tomeno criteria: 67.7% are very good results, 17.7% are good, 9.3% are average, 5.2% are unsatisfactory. In conclusion, our therapy approach for displaced olecranon-bone is surgically based on pinning-haubanage with vicryl and completed by plaster immobilisation. We have, in this respect, obtained satisfactory functional results