Análisis de la escala para la evaluación del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad en población escolar Chilena / Analysis of a scale for the assessment of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity in Chilean children

Background: Epidemiologic studies may be used as a starting point to improve interventions and improve diagnosis, with instruments that are both reliable and adequate. Aim: To analyze the psychometric properties of the Attention Defcit Disorder Evaluation Scale (ADDES) in Chilean primary and high school students. Material and Methods: The ADDES was applied by 142 teachers to 254 students. Attention Defcit Disorder was already diagnosed in 144 students. Explanatory and confirmatory factorial analyses were carried out. Results: Confirmatory Factorial Analysis (CFA) proved that the model suggested by the authors could not be replicated in the Chilean sample. Exploratory Factorial Analysis (EFA) showed that three new factors came out of the analysis. CFA was applied to the new model and modification indexes suggested the introduction of new saturations. Based on the model with the best goodness-of-fit, psychometric characteristics were evaluated. Conclusions: The ADDES adapted to the Chilean context has a high reliability and a strong discrimination ability, allowing the evaluation of behavior disorders, hyperactivity/impulsivity and attention deficit.

Análisis de las relaciones entre la motivación y las atribuciones causales en jóvenes deportistas / Analysis of the relationships among motivation and causal attributions on young athletes

Este trabajo tiene como marco conceptual la teoría de metas de logro y la teoría de las atribuciones causales. El objetivo es encontrar relaciones entre las orientaciones, los climas motivacionales y las atribuciones realizadas ante el rendimiento, así como diferenciar perfiles atribucionales entre los deportistas. La muestra del trabajo estuvo formada por 528 deportistas adolescentes de género masculino, con edades comprendidas entre 13 y 18 años. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan la existencia de dos perfiles atribucionales: uno adaptativo y otro desadaptativo. Asimismo, se encuentran relaciones positivas entre las atribuciones más adecuadas y la orientación y el clima tarea, siendo estas relaciones negativas en el constructo ego. Estos resultados son discutidos y se extraen conclusiones para hacer la práctica deportiva más adecuada.

This work is based on the Achievement Goal Theory and the Theory of Causal Attribution. The aim of the study is to find relationships between orientations and motivational climates regarding attributions to cope with the sport performance, as well as distinguish attribution profiles among participants. The sample is formed by 528 male athletes, with ages ranging from 13 to 18 years old. Results showed two attribution profiles, the first one as adaptative and the other as maladaptative. Furthermore, there are positive relationships between the most suitable attributions with respect to task orientation and climate, while a negative relationship has been found regarding ego orientation and climate. These outcomes are discussed and interesting conclusions are pointed out to get a more suitable sport practice.