ABSTRACT
Background/Aims@#5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is a basic drug for inducing and maintaining remission for ulcerative colitis. One of its formulations has a coating with a pH-dependent degradation that ensures the release 5-ASA at the terminal ileum. No evidence has been shown concerning the effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) on the clinical course of ulcerative colitis patients in remission. The present study assessed the effect of PPIs or H2RAs on the relapse of ulcerative colitis patients in clinical remission maintained by pH-dependent released 5-ASA. @*Methods@#Ulcerative colitis patients who had been prescribed time- or pH-dependent-released 5-ASA between January 2015 and December 2018 were enrolled in this multicenter retrospective study. The period of remission until relapse occurred was analyzed among the patients taking time-dependent-released 5-ASA or pH-dependent-released 5-ASA with/without PPIs or H2RAs. @*Results@#One hundred and nineteen patients were analyzed in this study. In the primary endpoint, the relapse rate was higher in patients taking pH-dependent-released 5-ASA and PPIs or H2RAs than in those taking the pH-dependent-released 5-ASA without PPIs or H2RAs, while the relapse rate was similar in patients taking the time-dependent-released 5-ASA with or without PPIs or H2RAs concomitantly. Patients with a short duration of disease and middle-aged patients more frequently showed relapse with PPIs or H2RAs than the other patients. @*Conclusions@#The coadministration of PPIs or H2RAs affects the clinical course of ulcerative colitis in remission maintained by pH-dependent-released 5-ASA.
ABSTRACT
Background/Aims@#5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is a basic drug for inducing and maintaining remission for ulcerative colitis. One of its formulations has a coating with a pH-dependent degradation that ensures the release 5-ASA at the terminal ileum. No evidence has been shown concerning the effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) on the clinical course of ulcerative colitis patients in remission. The present study assessed the effect of PPIs or H2RAs on the relapse of ulcerative colitis patients in clinical remission maintained by pH-dependent released 5-ASA. @*Methods@#Ulcerative colitis patients who had been prescribed time- or pH-dependent-released 5-ASA between January 2015 and December 2018 were enrolled in this multicenter retrospective study. The period of remission until relapse occurred was analyzed among the patients taking time-dependent-released 5-ASA or pH-dependent-released 5-ASA with/without PPIs or H2RAs. @*Results@#One hundred and nineteen patients were analyzed in this study. In the primary endpoint, the relapse rate was higher in patients taking pH-dependent-released 5-ASA and PPIs or H2RAs than in those taking the pH-dependent-released 5-ASA without PPIs or H2RAs, while the relapse rate was similar in patients taking the time-dependent-released 5-ASA with or without PPIs or H2RAs concomitantly. Patients with a short duration of disease and middle-aged patients more frequently showed relapse with PPIs or H2RAs than the other patients. @*Conclusions@#The coadministration of PPIs or H2RAs affects the clinical course of ulcerative colitis in remission maintained by pH-dependent-released 5-ASA.
ABSTRACT
In this study, the effect of moderate endurance training on muscle morphological properties of human thigh muscles and isokinetic strength was examined. Five sedentary females carried out a training program of 30 min./day, 3 times a week for a ten-week period. The load requirement was set to 60% of maximal aerobic capacity (Vo<SUB>2</SUB>max) of the subjects. In the determination of muscle cross-sectional areas (CSAs) by MRI, longitudinal sections were first imaged, and ten axial images along the length of femur were taken before and after the endurance training. Muscle CSA and mus-cle volume of knee extensors (KE), flexors (KF), and adductors (AD) were calculated, using the ten axial images. Vo<SUB>2</SUB>max was significantly increased after endurance training (14.6%, p<0.01) . Muscle CSA in KE was significantly increased at the ten levels of femur length. There were also significant increases at seven levels of femur length after endurance training in KF (p<0.05, and 0.01) . Percentage increase of msucle CSA in KE and KF were 10.9 to 16.5% and 7.7 to 15.8%, respectively. Although the muscle volume of KE, KF, and AD was significantly increased, no change in fat volume was observed after endurance training. Isokinetic knee extension and flexion peak torque and peak torque per unit of muscle CSA at three angular velocities (30, 180, and 300 deg/sec) didn't show significant changes. These results suggest that muscle hypertrophy induced by moderate endurance training has no effect on muscle strength.
ABSTRACT
In this study, the effect of moderate endurance training on muscle morphological properties of human thigh muscles and isokinetic strength was examined. Five sedentary females carried out a training program of 30 min./day, 3 times a week for a ten-week period. The load requirement was set to 60% of maximal aerobic capacity (Vo<SUB>2</SUB>max) of the subjects. In the determination of muscle cross-sectional areas (CSAs) by MRI, longitudinal sections were first imaged, and ten axial images along the length of femur were taken before and after the endurance training. Muscle CSA and mus-cle volume of knee extensors (KE), flexors (KF), and adductors (AD) were calculated, using the ten axial images. Vo<SUB>2</SUB>max was significantly increased after endurance training (14.6%, p<0.01) . Muscle CSA in KE was significantly increased at the ten levels of femur length. There were also significant increases at seven levels of femur length after endurance training in KF (p<0.05, and 0.01) . Percentage increase of msucle CSA in KE and KF were 10.9 to 16.5% and 7.7 to 15.8%, respectively. Although the muscle volume of KE, KF, and AD was significantly increased, no change in fat volume was observed after endurance training. Isokinetic knee extension and flexion peak torque and peak torque per unit of muscle CSA at three angular velocities (30, 180, and 300 deg/sec) didn't show significant changes. These results suggest that muscle hypertrophy induced by moderate endurance training has no effect on muscle strength.