ABSTRACT
Objective: To differentiate between clinical and demographic spectrum, and outcome in hepatovenocaval syndrome [HVCS] and Budd-Chiari syndrome [BCS]. Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children Hospital, Lahore, from January 2014 to January 2017
Methodology: All children less than 18 years of age, presenting with ascites and visible veins over abdomen, flanks and back were enrolled in the study. Real time Doppler Ultrasonogram was performed in all children for documentation of intrahepatic part of IVC obstruction along with or without hepatic venous obstruction. Children meeting inclusion criteria underwent liver profile, coagulation profile, diagnostic paracentesis for SAAG gradient, and Gadolinium enhanced multiphasic MR scan. Liver biopsy and venography was performed in selected patients
Results: A total of 92 children presented with ascites, among them 58 children met our inclusion criteria. Intrahepatic IVC obliteration, i.e. HVCS, found in 67% [n=39] and hepatic venous outflow obstruction, i.e. BCS was found in 33% [n=19] children. Children with BCS were older than HVCS with mean age of 9.5 +/-2.58 versus 4.12 +/-0.977 years. HVCS group had 14 boys and 24 girls with a ratio of 1:1.8, while BCS had a ratio of 1:0.9 with 10 boys and 9 girls. No etiological factor was found for HVCS, while most of patients with BCS had a procoagulant disorder. Caudate lobe hypertrophy was a consistent feature in BCS, while IVC obstruction was found in HVCS persistently. Orthotopic liver transplant was needed in three cases [7.6%] of HVCS and four [20.96%] of BCS cases. Antibiotic therapy has a good role in HVCS, while anticoagulation and diuretics had good result in BCS
Conclusion: Hepatovenocaval syndrome [HVCS] mostly affected younger children, especially girls. BCS usually affected older age groups with pro-coagulant disorders who responded to anticoagulation and diuretic. Further studies are needed to compare both conditions
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the risk of type II diabetes [T2D] with two transcription factor 7-like 2 gene [TCF7L2] variants in the Han nationality population of Guangdong, China. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: International School, Clinical Laboratory of Over-sea Chinese Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Jinan University, China, from July 2014 to June 2016
Methodology: Two single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] of gene TCF7L2 were genotyped by PCR amplification and sequencing of the specific DNA fragments, rs7903146 and rs12255372, by PCR amplification and sequencing of the specific DNA fragments in 339 T2D patients and 191 control subjects. Odds ratio was determined
Results: The minor allele of the two variants was significantly associated with T2D; the risk to develop T2D for rs7903146 [IVS3C >T] was found to be greater than that for rs12255372 [IVS4G >T], with allelic odds ratio [OR] of 1.39 and 1.27 respectively. Furthermore, T2D risk associated with homozygosity of the minor alleles was found to be greater than that for heterozygosity
Conclusion: The two varients of the gene TCF7L2 are important genetic risk factors for the T2D development in the Han ethnic group in China
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the risk of type II diabetes [T2D] with two transcription factor 7-like 2 gene [TCF7L2] variants in the Han nationality population of Guangdong, China
Study Design: Case control study
Place and Duration of Study: International School, Clinical Laboratory of Over-sea Chinese Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Jinan University, China, from July 2014 to June 2016
Methodology: Two single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] of gene TCF7L2 were genotyped by PCR amplification and sequencing of the specific DNA fragments, rs7903146 and rs12255372, by PCR amplification and sequencing of the specific DNA fragments in 339 T2D patients and 191 control subjects. Odds ratio was determined
Results: The minor allele of the two variants was significantly associated with T2D; the risk to develop T2D for rs7903146 [IVS3C >T] was found to be greater than that for rs12255372 [IVS4G >T], with allelic odds ratio [OR] of 1.39 and 1.27 respectively. Furthermore, T2D risk associated with homozygosity of the minor alleles was found to be greater than that for heterozygosity
Conclusion: The two varients of the gene TCF7L2 are important genetic risk factors for the T2D development in the Han ethnic group in China