Use of Cheiloscopy as a Tool for Gender Dimorphism in a Rural Indian Population.

Introduction: The uniqueness of human lip prints can be used for gender dimorphism. Cheiloscopy is an investigational technique under forensic science that deals with the study of uniqueness of lip prints. It has already been established that lip prints are unique to each individual; its comparison at the crime site with that of the suspect might be helpful. Aims and Objectives: The specific aim of this study was to study the lip prints as a tool for gender dimorphism while the specific objective was to evaluate the uniqueness of lip prints. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on a group of 60 Dental students within the age group of 18 to 25 years. The pattern of lip prints was recorded by two methods and classified according to Suzuki and Tsushihashi’s classification. Data was analyzed using SPSS package (version 12) and Chi square test was used to analyze and compare the lip print patterns. Results: It was seen that no two lip prints matched with each other. Type I and I’ pattern was seen only in females; type II pattern showed almost equal distribution between males and females whereas type III, IV was predominant in males. None of the subjects presented with Type V. Conclusion: It was concluded that cheiloscopy can act as a tool for gender dimorphism and both methods of recording lip prints were equally accurate.

Effect of antidiarrhoeal formulation against barium sulphate induced small intestinal transit and castor oil induced diarrhoea in rats

Alcoholic extract of antidiarrhoeal formulation [ADF] containing Holarrhena antidysentrica, Aegle marmelos and Punica granatum was investigated for antidiarrhoeal activity against barium sulphate induced small intestinal transit and castor oil induced diarrhoea in rats. The control, standard and test groups of experimental animals were administered with distilled water, lomotil and ADF [250 mg and 500 mg/kg] orally. Barium sulphate and castor oil were administered after 15 and 60 min. respectively in each group of first and second experiment. The distance travelled by barium sulphate in small intestine was measured after 15 and 30 min. of barium sulphate administration and diarrhoea was observed every 30 min. for 6 hours after castor oil administration. The study showed that ADF caused significant reduction in the distance travelled by barium sulphate and castor oil induced diarrhoea. Thus ADF may have the potential to reduce the diarrhoea in rats

Experience of various management strategies for diabetic foot lesion at Mayo Hospital, Lahore

Carotid duplex imaging is now recognized as the best non-invasive screening test for carotid artery stenosis. The evidence for its use as the sole diagnostic imaging modality prior to carotid Endarterectomy is examined. Providing it is carried out by experienced trained operators using validated duplex criteria, carotid duplex imaging is safe, highly sensitive and specific, and superior to angiography at plaque characterization and evaluation of flow disturbance. Cerebral CT and MRI should be performed if symptoms are atypical or if there is an evolved stroke. Angiography is required when duplex imaging is sub optional or equivocal, in the presence of atypical symptoms or uncommon vascular abnormalities. In the majority of patients requiring Endarterectomy for symptomatic high grade ICA stenosis, angiography seldom adds relevant information, clinical assessment and carotid duplex imaging alone can be safely used in preoperative assessment

Role of high resolution ultrasound in diagnosing diabetic muscle infarction

The study was carried out on eight patients with clinical presentation of non-traumatic painful swelling of lower limbs and were examined with high resolution Ultrasound probe of 12 MHz on Logic 700 expert series, with average patients age of about 37 years with H/O of uncontrolled diabetes Mellitus, showed discrepancy of circumference / thickness of Calf muscles compared to the opposite normal lower limb with areas of low echogenicity and one patient showed areas of necrosis / abscesses in muscle planes. All were diagnosed and latter confirmed on biopsy as Diabetic muscle infarctions with superadded inflammation

Primary glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome in Pakistan

Renal diseases associated with proteinuria are known for centuries. OBJECTIVS: To determine the pattern of primary glomerulonephritis in adult Pakistani nephrotics. DESIGN: Case study. Period: 1986 - 1996. SETTING: Allied Hospital Medical Unit III Punjab Medical College Faisalabad. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 14 cases [Male - 10, Female - 4]. Male to female ratio 2.5:1. Membranous glomerulonephritis, minimal change glomerulonephritis, focal glomerulosclerosis and focal proliferative glomerulonephritis were 70%, 14%, 7% and 7% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Sex involvement is similar all over the world. Minimal change glomerulonephritis and focal glomerulonephritis concide with incidence reported all over the world. Prevalence of membranous glomerulonephritis is similar to Western world but higher than Far East. Contrary to membranous glomerulonephritis prevalence of focal proliferative glomerulonephritis is very low in Pakistan as compared to China, Singapore and USSR

Plasma albumen concentration and hyperlipidemia in nephrotic syndrome

Serum cholesterol abnormalities in patients with nephrotic syndrome has long been recognized. However mechanism of this change has been a cause of debate. To find out co-relation of serum albumin and serum cholesterol in nephrotic syndrome. DESIGN: Case study. PERIOD: 1985 - 1995. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 32 Cases [Male-23, Fernale-9]. SETTING: Allied and Divisional Headquarter Hospitals Faisalabad. Serum albumin was normal in two, decreased in 30. Serum cholesterol normal in five, increased in 27. Increased cholesterol with normal albumin in five [16%]. Increased cholesterol with low albumin in 25 [78%], Normal cholesterol with low albumin 2 [6%]. CONCLUSIONS: There is significant negative correlation between serum cholesterol and serum albumin

Acute renal failure, an atypical case

Acute renal failure is defined as rapid deterioration in the excretory functions of the kidney. Biological response to circulating and tissue uremic toxins is a function of their level, rapidity in which this level is achieved and person to person variability. The last named may be an inborn endowment or an acquired capability. We report such a patient who exhibited a very mild response to very high blood urea [731 mg] and acidosis [HCO3 14 meq]. Patient recovered without dialysis. Possible mechanism for this blunted response is also speculated