ABSTRACT
Investigation of the apoptotic potential of garlic as an anticarcinogenic agent on induced oral carcinogenesis in albino rats. A total of 75 male albino rats were randomized into five groups, 15 animals in each. Group 1 [control] received no treatment, Group 2 received 7,12-DMBA in their palatal mucosa for squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] induction, Group 3 received intra-gastric aqueous garlic extract, Group 4 received aqueous garlic extract two weeks earlier before induction of SCC and Group 5 received DMBA then started garlic administration. At the end of the experiment the palatal soft tissue was prepared for heamatoxlyin and eosin and immunohistochemical examination done. The stained sections were assessed by light microscope as well as image analyzer and the data obtained were statistically evaluated. Heamatoxylin and eosin stained sections for group 1 revealed normal epithelium while, Group 2 showed SCC that was preceded by hyperplasia then dysplasia. Group 3 revealed normal epithelium, but with increased thickness of keratin layer. Group 4 revealed normal epithelium with some areas that were hyperplastic but without signs of dysplasia. Meanwhile in group 5 58% of the rats had developed carcinoma, while 42% of them showed hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis with absence of dysplasia. Immunohistochemical examination demonstrated that p53 expression in group 2 was the highest, while its expression in group 1, 3 and 4 was in a very low level and the expression in group 5 was in a moderate level. The Bax expression was weak in groups 1, 2 and 3 and in group 4 highest while in group 5 moderate level. Garlic could represent one of the chemopreventive agents that may inhibit, retard or block the process of carcinogenesis through induction of apoptosis. Moreover, garlic exerts its protective effects through inhibition of the initiation phase and diminution of promotion as well as progression phases of carcinogenesis
ABSTRACT
The unclear DNA content of rat subm and ibular salivary gl and [SMSG] lesions was determined using CAS 200 image cytometer. Squamous metaplasia, epithelial hyperplasia and dysplasia as well as epidermoid cysts were induced at eight weeks after implantation of 5 mg 9-10 dimethyl 1-2 benzanthracene [DMBA] in the rat SMSG. The production of well differentiated, moderately differentiated and undifferentiated squamous cell carcinomas [SCC] were demonstrated in 75% of the animals 16, 20 and 24 weeks after AMBA implantation. Interestingly, two cases of carcinosarcoma were also revealed at 24 weeks after treatment. The nuclear DNA content of the hyperplastic and dysplastic epithelium showed a diploid distribution pattern. Multiple stem lines peaks with variable DNA content were also evident in DNA histograms of the dysplastic epithelium. The nuclear DNA pattern of SCC cells showed marked DNA abnormalities with tetraploid and aneuploid modes. An increase in the DNA index of the induced cells was observed during DMBA carcinogenesis reaching its highest value [2.34] in the carcinosarcomas. It can be concluded that the variations in the nuclear DNA content occurring during DMBA carcinogenesis are correlated to the degree of cell differentiation and using image analysis provide better sensitivity for detecting aneuploid DNA content and lead to a more accurate and objective measure of tumor proliferative activity. The role of induced aneuploidy in DMBA carcinogenesis was also evaluated
Subject(s)
DNA , Diagnostic ImagingABSTRACT
Cultured BHK21/C13 cells treated with different concentration of sodium fluoride and formocresol were studied with both light and scanning electron microscopy. Cells treated with sodium fluoride showed signs of hydropic degeneration, while formocresol treated cells demonstrated a type of coagulative necrosis. On the other hand cytotoxic changes in scanning electron microscopic morphology of treated cells correlated; to a great extent with the light microscopic findings