Halothane versus isoflurane anaesthesia for bronchoscopy in pediatric patients

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two different inhalational anesthetic agents [halothane and isoflurane] on blood gases of infants undergoing bronchoscpy for foreign body extraction or bronchoscopic suction of secretion in respiratory tract infection and to determine which child is at increased risk and the proper inhalation agent. The study was done on 40 children scheduled for bronchoscopy classified into two equal groups according to the inhalational anesthetic used [GI halothane, GII isoflurane]. In each group, half of the children [10] were undergoing foreign body extraction, the others for suction of excessive secretion. It can be concluded that halothane is better than isoflurane for inhalation induction during bronchoscopy because it allows better oxygenation with lesser incidence of bronchospasm. The use of the side tube or ventilation in bronchoscopy was never satisfactory. Children undergoing bronchoscopy for suction of secretion or foreign body extraction are equal risk of hypoxemia and hypercarbia and great care should be taken through the procedure

effects of metoclopramide and clonidine hydrochloride premedication on intraocular pressure

Thirty adult patients classified into three equal groups were studied to evaluate the effect of premedication on intraocular pressure [IOP]. In group I [control group], atropine premedication was not accompanied by significant changes in IOP. In group II [metoclopramide group] where metoclopramide was given in addition to atropine, premedication was accompanied by significant increase in IOP, while in the third group [clonidine group] where clonidine CHL was given in addition to atropine, there was a significant decrease in IOP after premedication. Following intravenous induction with thiopentone sodium, there was a significant IOP reduction in the three groups. The reduction was significantly less in metoclopramide group than in control and clonidine groups. No significant changes in IOP was observed in the three studied groups after administration of vecuronium. In the three studied groups, laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation were accompanied by a significant increase in IOP after one and two minutes. This rise was significantly less in clonidine groups than in control and metoclopramide groups. By the fifth minute following laryngoscopy and intubation, the three groups showed significant IOP reduction

Comparative study between the effects of propofol and althesin on histamine release, IgE, C3 and C4 dogs

The effect of the emulsion formulation of propofol on histamine, IgE, C[3] and C[4] levels in comparison with althesin was studied in 20 dogs, divided into 2 equal groups and anaesthetized with either propofol or althesin for a duration of about 30 minutes. The results showed a significantly increased levels of histamine and IgE and a significant reduction in C[3] and C[4] 15 and 30 minutes after induction of anesthesia with propofol and highly significant change were recorded all over althesin anaesthesia. However, changes recorded with propofol were significantly less than that produced by althesin