ABSTRACT
This study investigated the effect of ethanol extracts of horsetail, alfalfa, ortie, chêne and aleppo oak on blood coagulation in vitro. Extraction was performed by the maceration method. Extracts were mixed with platelet and plasma, then prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and platelet aggregation tests were conducted. Alfalfa extract had a dose-dependent effect on the PT. Ortie, and horsetail, reduced the PT significantly compared to control group. Alfalfa, horsetail, and ortie reduced the APTT, but their effect was insignificant compared to the control group. The pooled extract showed the highest effect compared to the single extracts in a dose-dependent manner. Horsetail and alfalfa induced platelet aggregation in response to arachidonic acid but not in response to collagen. In the case of ortie, no aggregation occurred regarding the arachidonic acid, and incomplete was observed in response to collagen. Interestingly, blood clotting occurred immediately after adding the chêne, aleppo oak and the pooled extract, and therefore platelet poor plasma (PPP) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) became jelly. Generally, chêne and aleppo oak, as well as pooled extract, were more effective in inducing both primary and secondary coagulation pathways via shortening the PT and APTT, and induction of platelet aggregation.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Nurses can directly influence health services quality and outcomes. They need correct information in due time to provide an effective service for the patient and other healthcare personnel. Nursing information system is a subsystem of hospital information system that can help nurses to have better performances. The goal of this study was to evaluate nursing information system of hospitals of Zahedan city, Iran
Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was done in 2013. Nursing information systems of four teaching hospitals in Zahedan were evaluated. A verified checklist was used to gather the data
Results: The studied nursing information systems had 42.19% of general data specifications and 72.33% of nursing data set. None of them had classification system standards. They had 45% of nursing data register priorities and 61.12% of report requirements
Conclusions: Based on the pitfalls in general aspects, data register and classification, holding educational workshops, classes, and bulletins are recommended for hospital nurses of Zahedan city regarding nursing information system. Providing nurses with enough hardware requirements, supervising their system use, providing nursing information systems based on nursing classification standards and contribution of nurses in selection and implementation of this system is also suggested