ABSTRACT
Background: bariatric surgery is one of the few effective treatments for morbid obesity, yet little information about weight outcomes after surgery in this demographic are available. We determined the effectiveness of bariatric surgery in reducing weight and body mass index [BMI] in adults
Materials and Methods: adults from 18 to 30 years old who had undertaken gastric bypass or adjustable gastric band surgery between May 2013 and November 2016 and who had complete follow-up data available were included in the present analysis. Mean weight and BMI before and one year after surgery were compared
Results: among 35 adults, Mean BMI and weight, and z-scores and percentile transformations were all significantly lower after surgery for the entire sample [P < 0.001]. Gastric bypass surgery presented significantly better weight loss outcomes for all anthropometric measures versus adjustable gastric band surgery [P < 0.05]. No perioperative complications were reported. Two patients who stopped taking supplements as prescribed experienced iron-deficiency anaemia within the year following surgery
Conclusions: our results show that bariatric surgery can markedly reduce weight among a predominantly adult patient's sample, and gastric bypass procedure in particular. These findings indicate that bariatric surgery has the potential to be safe and effective in substantially reducing weight in a group of adults who are at particularly high risk for obesity-related health consequences
ABSTRACT
Background and purpose: questions remain unclear about the association of smoking status and the development of acute pancreatitis [AP]. We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to explore this association
Materials and Methods: a computerized literature search was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE through October 15, 2016. We also searched the reference lists of pertinent articles. We used a rand om-effects model to calculate the summary relative risks [SRRs] and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals [CIs]
Results: a total of 8 observational studies [4 case control and 4 prospective cohort/nested case control studies] were identified. Compared with never smokers, the summary RR estimates were 1.49 [95% CI, 1.29-1.78] forever smokers, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.42-2.21] for current smokers, and 1.19 [95% CI, 1.11-1.52] for former smokers. Smoking is found to be a potential risk factor for alcohol use, idiopathic factors and drugs related AP, but not for gallstone related AP, in the ever and current smokers. A dose response effect of tobacco use on the risk was ascertained: current smokers had a 40% [95% CI, 30%-50%] increased risk of AP for every additional 10 cigarettes per day
Conclusion: the current analysis suggests that smokers have an elevated risk of AP development. Further studies, however, are warranted before definitive conclusions can be drawn