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Objective To measure in vivo biomechanical properties of pelvic support structures associated with uterosacral ligament suspension(ULS). Methods Ten Chinese female cadavers(death within 48 hours)without embalming were carefully dissected to expose the ligament. After dissection, ligaments were sewn according to standard ULS surgical technique. They were stretched at a steady rate to breakage during constant electronic registration of load and displacement. In vivo biomechanical properties were evaluated by a load-displacement curve. Results Ultimate load of uterosacral ligament, ring around cervix were(37.3±23.5),(49.3±28.4)N, respectively. The differences between the two groups was not significant(P>0.05). Ligament stiffness were(1.26±1.22),(1.45±0.92)N/mm, respectively. There was no significant difference between groups(P>0.05). Conclusions The uterosacral ligament, ring around cervix with sufficient strength are not easy to deform. ULS is an effective procedure for treating middle pelvic defects from a biomechanics perspective.
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Objective To study anatomy of the tensor fascia latae perforator flap (TFLP flap) and explore its clini-cal application in reconstruction of head and neck defects. Methods Five fresh cadavers were prepared, and mor-phology and blood supply of TFLP flap were examined by microsurgery anatomy. During dissections, the following parameters were recorded: number and type of perforators vessels, diameter of perforators, pedicle length, diameter of the original vessels, course (infra fascia and supra fascia) ,and its position was located by anatomical landmark. Results There were 41 TFLP flap perforators in all specimen with 35 musculocutaneous perforator and 6 septocuta-neous perforator. Original vessel was ascend branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery/vein with average diameter of (3.01±0.49) mm/(3. 28±0.57) mm. The mean pedicle length was (9. 1±0.79) cm. The surface location was (4. 22± 1. 37) cm laterally and (8. 73±2.72) cm beneath to anterosuperior iliac spine. Conclusion With the characteristics of constant position, large caliber and convenient preparation, TFLP flap is useful for operation andoption in reconstruction of head/neck defects and considered as backup of anterolateral thigh flap. The disadvantage of this flap is its short vascular pedicle.
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Objective To search for chemical constituents with anti-oxidative activity from seeds of Jatropha curcas.Methods DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to screen fractions or constituents with anti-oxidative activities.Active fractions were separated by varied chromatography and then identified on the basis of physiochemical properties and spectroscopic methods.Results The n-butanol layer of ethanol extract from the seeds of J.curcas showed stronger activity than other fractions and was studied further.A new compound was isolated from this active layer, and its structure was identified as jatrophasin A (3,4,4',5'-tetrahydroxyl-3'-methoxyl-bisepoxylignan, 1).It showed stronger anti-oxidative activity compared with resveratrol.Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound which has never been reported with strong anti-oxidative activity.
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Objective The study was to explore the safety, firmness and convenience of the fascia around the ischial spine as a new fixation site for the vaginal fornix. Methods Between June 2007 and January 2008, detailed dissections and related measurements of the regions around the ischial spine were performed on 10 Chinese female cadavers (3 unembalmed and 7 embalmed cadavers). At the same time, the sacrospinous ligament,the fascia on the ischial spine, the iliococcygeus fascia as well as the vaginal fornix were exposed and the pull-out strength sequentially tested using a digital push-pull force gauge. Results The fascia on the ischial spine was firm and strong, with a thickness of 3 about mm. No major vessels or nerves were observed on the ischial spine. The greatest pullout strengths of the sacrospinous ligament,the fascia on the ischial spine, the iliococcygeus fascia as well as the vaginal fornix were (102±26),(64±15),(33±8)and(32±6)N, respectively. Conclusion The fascia at 1 cm from anterior lateral ischial spine, free of major vessels and nerves, is safe and strong and could be used as a new site for suspension in vaginal prolapse.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the anti-proliferative effect of Protobioside on the HepG2 cells and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The inhibitory effects of Protobioside on 3 kinds of human cancer cell line was measured by MTT assay. Apoptotic morphological changes was observed by Hoechst33528 staining technique. Cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. The expression of cell cycle related protein and apoptosis related protein were determined using Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Protobioside shows strong cytotoxic power on HepG2 cells and IC50 were 20 micromol x L(-1). The nucleus became pyknosis at 36 hours. The cells in G2/M phase increase in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. And the protein level of CyclinB1 was down-regulated, that of Bax was up-regulated and that of Bcl-2 was down-regulated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The growth inhibition of Protobioside on HepG2 cells is highly related to cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase which was well correlated with the down-regulation of expression of Cyclin B1, and the induction of apoptosis via up-regulating of Bax and down-regulating Bcl-2 expression.</p>
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Humans , Apoptosis , Blotting, Western , Cell Cycle , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Flow Cytometry , Hep G2 CellsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constitutents of the 60% ethanol extract of the stems of Sambucus williamsii.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Compounds were isolated and purified by Diaion D101, silica gel,Sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Seven lignans were isolated and identified as erythro-guaiacylglycerol-beta-O-4'-sinapyl ether (1), 1-( 4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl) -2- [4"-( 3-hydroxypropyl) -2", 6"-dimethoxyphenoxy] propane-1,3-diol (2), isolariciresinol (3), burselignan (4), lyoniresinol (5), 5-methoxy-isolariciresinol (6), cycloolivil (7).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All these compounds were obtained from this genus for the first time.</p>
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Anisoles , Chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic , Chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Lignans , Chemistry , Lignin , Chemistry , Microscopy , Naphthalenes , Chemistry , Naphthols , Chemistry , Plant Stems , Chemistry , Sambucus , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective To study the chemical constituents from the stems of Dendrobium nobile. Methods Compounds were isolated through various chromatographic techniques and identified by spectral data. Results Twelve phenolic compounds were obtained. Their structures were characterized as dihydroconiferyl dihydro-p-coumarate (Ⅰ), vanillin (Ⅱ), apocynin (Ⅲ), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (Ⅳ), syringaldehyde (Ⅴ), syringic acid (Ⅵ), syringylethanone (Ⅶ), α-hydroxypropiosyringone (Ⅷ), coniferyl aldehyde (Ⅸ), dihydroconiferyl alcohol (Ⅹ), 2-hydroxyphenylpropanol (Ⅺ), and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenylethanol (Ⅻ), respectively. Conclusion All above compounds are reported from this plant for the first time. Compounds Ⅰ and Ⅲ -Ⅻ are reported for the first time from the plants of Dendrobium Sw.
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Objective Based on the activities of antihistamine release to study the compounds from Bidens parvi-flora and find biological active compounds. Methods The chemical constituents from B.parviflora were isolated by silica gel and Sphadex LH-20 column chromatographies and purified by preparative HPLC. The chemical structures had been identified by physiochemical properties and spectroscopic methods. Results Six caffeoylquinic acid derivatives were identified as 3, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid ( Ⅰ ),3, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid ( Ⅱ ), 4, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid ( Ⅲ ), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid ( Ⅳ ), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid ( Ⅴ ), 4-[3-(3, 4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-acryloyloxy]-2, 3-dihydroxy-2-methyl-butyric acid ( Ⅵ ). Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ - Ⅵ are first obtained from B. parviflora and Ⅵ is new one. Some of the compounds exhibit the activities in antiallergic assays. Moreover, the structure-activity relationships of these compounds have been also discussed in this paper.
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Aim To investigate the water-soluble phenolic glycosides from the whole plant of Bulbophyllum odoratissimum. Methods Column chromatography techniques were used to isolate the chemical constituents, physico-chemical constants and spectroscopic analysis were employed for structural elucidation. Results Bulbophyllinoside (1), a new phenolic glycoside and three known compounds were isolated from the whole plant of Bulbophyllum odoratissimum Lindl. Their structures were determined as 3-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol 4-O-(6'-O-β-apiofuranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3-methoxyphenethyl alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucopynanoside (2), 3,5-dimethoxyphenethyl alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucopynanoside (3) and syringin (4). Conclusion Bulbophyllinoside (1) is a new compound.
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AIM To investigate the structures and immunomodulation activity of four homogeneous polysaccharides: LBP 1a-1, LBP 1a-2, LBP 3a-1 and LBP 3a-2 isolated from Lycium barbarum L. brought from Zhongning County, Ningxia Province. METHODS Their molecular weights, sugar component (constituents) and their linkages were determined by gel permeation chromatography, acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation and NMR spectrum. The activity of immunomodulation was evaluated with splenocyte proliferation by ［3H］-TDR incorperation, in vitro. RESULTS Four polysaccharides with molecular weights 11.5×104, 9.4×104, 10.3×104 and 8.2×104, were shown to enhance splenocyte proliferation induced by ConA. LBP 1a-1 and LBP 1a-2 were α-(1→6)-D-glucans. LBP 3a-1 and LBP 3a-2 were found to be α-(1→4)-D-polygalacturonans. CONCLUSION The four polysaccharides were first isolated from this plant. Polysaccharides with main chain of α-(1→4)-D-polygalacturonans showed stronger immunomodulation activity.
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100 ?g/mL, respectively. Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ-Ⅴ are isolated from B. parviflora for the first time, Ⅲ is a new phenolic glucoside named as bidenphenol glucoside. Compounds Ⅰ-Ⅴ exhibit the activities of anti-histamine release from rat mast cell stimulated by antigen-antibody reaction.
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Objective To study the chemical constituents of the whole plant of Pholidota yunnanensis and to examine the inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds on nitric oxide(NO) production in activated rat macrophage-like cell line(RAW 264.7).Methods Various chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the constituents,and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The inhibitory effects of these compounds on NO production in RAW 264.7 cells of rats activated by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and interferon-?(IFN-?) were tested in vitro by microplate ultraviolet-colorimetric method.Results Seven compounds were isolated and identified as trans-3,3′,5-trihydroxy-2′-methoxystilbene(Ⅰ),cis-3,3′-dihydroxy-5-methoxystilbene(Ⅱ),trans-3,3′, 5-trihydroxystilbene(Ⅲ),3,3′-dihydroxy-5-methoxybibenzyl(batatasin-Ⅲ,Ⅳ),3,4′-dihydroxy-3′,5-dimethoxybibenzyl(gigantol,Ⅴ),3,3′,5-trihydroxybibenzyl(Ⅵ),2,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene(coelonin,Ⅶ).Conclusion Compounds Ⅱ,Ⅳ,and Ⅵ show favorable inhibitory effects on NO production,compounds Ⅰ and Ⅱ are new compounds,and compounds Ⅲ-Ⅶ are isolated from this genus for the first time.
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Objective To study the effective constituents from the stem bark of Erythrina variegata.Methods The compounds Ⅰ-Ⅸ were isolated by a combination of silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,and ODS chromatographies and their structures were identified by spectral methods.Results Nine known compounds were isolated from the stem bark of E.variegata.Their structures were identified by means of spectroscopic analysis as: 5,4′-dihydroxy-8-(3,3-dimethylally)-2″,2″-dimethylpyrano [5,6∶6,7] isoflavone(Ⅰ),stigmasterol(Ⅱ), erythrinasinate B(Ⅲ),3-hydroxy-2′,2′-dimethylpyrano [5,6∶9,10] pterocarpan(Ⅳ),5,7-dihydroxy-8-(3,3-dimethylally)-dihydroflavanone (Ⅴ),5,4′-dihydroxy-2″,2″-dimethylpyrano [5,6∶6,7] isoflavone(Ⅵ),5,7,4′-trihydroxy-6,8-di(3,3-dimethylally) isoflavone(Ⅶ),5,2′,4′-trihydroxy-8-(3,3-dimethylally)-2″,2″-dimethylpyrano [5,6∶6,7] isoflavone(Ⅷ),5,4′-dihydroxy-6-(3,3-dimethylally)-2″,2″-dimethylpyrano [5,6∶7,8] isoflavone(Ⅸ).Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅶ,and Ⅸ are isolated from this plant for the first time and compound Ⅴ is newly isolated from the plant of Erythrina Linn.
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Objective: To compare pharmacodynamics properties between the extracts of Fructus Trichosanthis and Bulbus allii(water extraction, WE; ethanol extraction, EE). Methods: To establish model of normobaric hypoxia in mice with isoprenaline; determinated the coronary blood flow of isolated guinea pig heart and rabbits platelet aggregation induced by ADP in vitro. Results: EE was more effective than WE on the prolongation of survival time of mice; EE and WE significantly increased coronary blood flow and inhibited platelet aggregation at the same dose. Conclusion: At the same dose, the effect of EE is superior to WE.