ABSTRACT
Candida albicans is the major human pathogen among Candida species. It is a commensal yeast of the oral, gastrointestinal, and vaginal mucosa in healthy individuals. The genus Candida has about 154 species, and different species show a different level of resistance to antifungal drugs and have a high degree of phenotypic similarity. Oropharyngeal candidiasis is the most common infection in oral cavity both pre- and post-treatment of cancer. Immunocompromised state in a cancer patient induces candidal species which get activated as a pathogen. It is found that in certain high-risk groups antifungal prophylaxis reduces the incidence and severity of infections. This case report discusses the occurrence of hyperplastic candidiasis in the patient under treatment by a chemotherapeutic agent imatinib mesylate for gastric tumor. We have discussed the probable cause for oral candidiasis in patients under imatinib mesylate and treatment advised for the oral hyperplastic candidiasis.