ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the correlations of biochemical factors as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level with amino acid metabolism level in the blood, levels of intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA)+complement factor 3 (C3), feeding intolerance and fatiguability in children with hypotonia cerebral palsy. Methods Ninety-six children with hypotonia cerebral palsy,admitted to our hospital from January 2009 to January 2012,were chosen in our study; questionnaire was used to understand the clinical symptoms of the children; the blood ammonia level,hepatic function and IgA+C3 level were obtained from routine blood chemistry testing, and amino acid metabolism was detected by blood tandem mass spectrometry; the correlations of GABA level with amino acid metabolism level in the blood, levels of IgA+C3, feeding intolerance and fatiguability were statistically analyzed. Results In all the 96 children with hypotonia cerebral palsy,63 (65.63％) had low arginine; 52 had both decreased arginine and elevated blood ammonia levels, enjoying negative correlation (r=-0.776,P=0.000); 42 had decreased arginine and reduced levels of IgA+C3 enjoying positive correlation (r=0.351,P=0.000); both decreased arginine level and feeding intolerance were noted in 47 with positive correlation (r=0.372,P=0.000).In these 96 children,30 (31.25％) had carnitine metabolism abnormality,including decreased propionyl carnitine/free carnitine or propionyl carnitine/acetylcarnitine levels in 21 (21.88％),increased hydroxyl palmitoyl carnitine/hydroxyl Palm enoyl carnitine level in 9 (9.37％),and decreased cysteine content in 3 (3.12％). Conclusion Metabolic abnormalities of arginine,carnitine and cysteine are noted in children with hypotonia cerebral palsy; a lot of exercise will consume arginine,carnitine and cysteine,which causes fatigue; children with low blood arginine content might also have increased blood ammonia level,reduced IgA+C3 level,trends of vomiting,susceptibility to infection and feeding difficulties,and therefore,children's mental state,immune function and exercise tolerance ability are affected.
ABSTRACT
The biologic characteristics of the two human giant-cell lung carcinoma strains with high (strain D) and low metastatic potential (strain C) were studied, including karyotype of chromosome, intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i), morphologic changes of cell surface and the expression of nm23-H1, p53, ras, c-myc, c-erbB2, bcl-2 genes and PCNA. The correlation between different biologic features and the metastatic potential of the two strains was analyzed. We found: 1) Both strains had the karyotypic abnormality of -13, -14, -15, +20, +21 with seven same marker chromosomes. Only strain D had the karyotypic abnormality of +7, -17, -18, +X, 7p+; 2) [Ca2+]i of the strain C (984.7 +/- 573.8) and D (517.6 +/- 216.6) was significantly different (p < 0.05). The amplitude of intracellular calcium oscillations of strain C was lower than the one of strain D; 3) strain C had more villous-like protrusions on the cell surface, whereas strain D had more bubble-like protrusions; 4) The expression of nm23-H1 and p53 protein of strain C was all higher than that of strain D. The expression of PCNA of strain C was lower than strain D; 5) nm23-H1 mRNA levels of strain C was lower than that of strain D. We consider that the karyotype of chromosomes, intracellular free calcium, the structure of cell membrane and the expression of nm23-H1 gene, p53 gene, PCNA could be closely related to the metastatic potential of human giant-cell lung carcinoma. They could be used as the sign for judging whether the tumor will metastasize in clinical practice as well as in judging the prognoses of patients.