Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Version of the Lymphedema Quality of Life Questionnaire / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To study the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Lymphedema Quality of Life Questionnaire (LYMQOL) in lymphedema patients. Methods LYMQOL was translated into Chinese. The Chinese version of the LYMQOL was distributed with the official Wechat account "Lymphedema Channel" to lymphedema patients who were recruited from October 28

Applications of Chest Wall Reconstructive Materials / 中国医学科学院学报

Chest wall reconstruction is a key approach to restoring the structure and function of the defective chest wall after tumor excision. While autologous flaps have been ideal materials for soft tissue reconstruction,the optimal skeletal reconstructive material still remains controversial. Currently,besides autologous bones,non-biodegradable materials have been used widely,which offer sufficient strength and stability but with some inevitable complications. Many studies have explored the clinical applications of biodegradable materials and the improvements in their characteristics,and some of these materials may be clinically feasible. This article reviews the recent advances in the applications of reconstructive materials.

Body Contouring After Bariatric Surgery / 中国医学科学院学报

While overweight and obesity have gradually became global concerns. Bariatric surgery is an effective and safe option for improving quality of life and alleviating psychosocial distress in obese individuals. However,body contouring is required to solve skin problems associated with massive weight loss after bariatric surgery. This article reviews the indications,importance,and postoperative complications of body contouring after bariatric surgery.

Radiation Therapy in Keloids Treatment: History, Strategy, Effectiveness, and Complication / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Radiation therapy combined with surgical excision was considered as one of the most effective treatment plans for keloid lesions. However, there was no unanimity found over present literatures regarding the issue on optimized treatment strategy for keloids. We here provide a comprehensive review over this issue and emphasize on the influencing factors.</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>The data analyzed in this review were searched from articles included in PubMed and EMBASE databases.</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTION</b>The original articles and critical reviews discussing the application of radiation therapy in keloids treatment were selected for this review.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The application of radiation therapy has transitioned from simple superficial X-ray irradiation to brachytherapy. Furthermore, several factors including radiation type, dose, fraction, interval, and complications were reviewed, and the results revealed that these factors were significant toward clinical outcome at various levels.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Both past and present evidence support the idea that combination therapy of radiation and surgical therapy is safe and feasible. However, the optimization of treatment strategy was based on different radiation types and should take dose, fractions, interval, and complications into consideration, which will then decrease the rate of recurrence and increase the level of satisfaction.</p>

A systemic review of autologous fat grafting survival rate and related severe complications / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Clinical application of autologous fat grafting (AFG) is quickly expanding. Despite the widely acceptance, long-term survival rate (SR) of AFG remains a question not yet solved. Meanwhile, although rare, severe complications related to AFG including vision loss, stroke even death could be seen in the literature.</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>A comprehensive research of PubMed database to June 2013 was performed according to guidelines of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons Fat Graft Task Force Assessment Methodology. Articles were screened using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTION</b>Data collected included patient characteristics, surgical technique, donor site, recipient site, graft amount, and quantified measurement methods. Patient cohorts were pooled, and SR was calculated. All the severe complications were also summarized according to the different clinical characteristics.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 550 articles, 16 clinical articles and 10 animal studies met the inclusion criteria and provided quantified measurement methods. Totally, 596 patients were included. SR varied from 34% to 82% in breast and 30-83% in the facial area. Nude mice were applied to investigate human fat grafting SR (38.3-52.5% after 15 weeks). Rabbits were commonly used to study animal AFG SR (14.00-14.56% after 1-year). Totally, 21 severe complications were reported, including death (2), stroke (10), vision loss (11, 8 of which accompanied with stroke), sepsis (3), multiple abscess (1) and giant fat necrotic cyst (2). Ten of these complications happened within 10 years.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There is no unified measurement method to evaluate fat graft SR until now and no clinical evidence to show better SR according to different donor and recipient cite. Body mass index change between pre- and postoperation may be the bias factor in evaluating fat SR. Fat embolisms of the ophthalmic artery and the middle cerebral artery are the most severe complication of AFG and still lack of effective treatment.</p>

Epimedium-derived flavonoids modulate the balance between osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation in bone marrow stromal cells of ovariectomized rats via Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway activation / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the function of wnt/β-catenin signal pathway on the process that epimedium-derived flavonoids (EFs) regulate the balance between osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation in bone marrow stromal cells of ovariectomized rats, and to provide an experimental evidence for the mechanism of EFs on treating postmenopausal osteoporosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bone marrow stromal cells from ovariectomized rats were separated and cultivated in the condition of osteoinductive medium or liquid medium for 15 days. Low- (1 μg/mL), medium- (10 μg/mL) and high- (100 μg/mL) dose EFs were administrated correspondingly. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, ALP activity determination, oil red O staining and realtime polymerese chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to determine the effect of EFs on osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation in bone marrow stromal cells of ovariectomized rats. Moreover, in order to explore the mechanism of EFs on osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation in bone marrow stromal cells of ovariectomized rats, Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) was used in the medium group. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and RT-PCR were used to determine mRNA levels of β-catenin, low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) and T cell factor (TCF) protein, known as wnt/β-catenin signal pathway related factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>EFs increased mRNA expression levels of ALP and early osteoblast differentiation factors, such as runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteocalcin and collagen I, and decreased mRNA expression levels of fat generation factors, such as peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma 2 (PPARγ-2) and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBPα) in a dose-dependent manner. While osteoblast differentiation factors were down-regulated, fat generation factors were up-regulated when DKK1 was applied. Also EFs up-regulated mRNA expression levels of β-catenin, LRP5 and TCF protein which could be blocked by DKK1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EFs regulate the balance between osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation in bone marrow stromal cells of ovariectomized rats by activating wnt/β-catenin signal pathway, which may be an important molecular mechanism of EFs on treating postmenopausal osteoporosis.</p>

Status and progress of non-surgical treatment of bone nonunion / 中国骨伤

The treatment of fracture has been greatly improved, but the incidence of nonunion is still high and which is a challenge that orthopedic clinicians. The treatment of nonunion has been the concern to the scholars. New technologys of surgical and non-surgical therapies continue to emerge, and achieve good clinical efficacy. In particular the development of non-surgical therapy has brought hope for non-invasive treatment of nonunion. This paper attempts to make a review of the status and progress of non-surgical treatment of bone nonunion which are more commonly used in clinical.