Report of One Case, Successfully Managed with Fentanyl for the Relief of Breathlessness in a Patient with Lung Cancer / 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌

Morphine is the only opioid that has been found effective for the relief of dyspnea in cancer patients. However, efficacy has not been fully demonstrated for other opioids such as fentanyl. Here, we report a case of lung cancer in which the use of fentanyl was effective for the relief of dyspnea. The patient was an 88-year-old man who had cT4N2M0, cStage IIIB lung cancer with right bronchial involvement and mediastinal lymph node metastases. Although the patient complained of dyspnea, he was not given morphine due to underlying renal dysfunction. He instead received oxygen therapy, and treatment with oral steroids and oxycodone. As oral administration became more difficult with subsequent lung cancer progression, the patient underwent opioid switching from oxycodone to subcutaneous injections of fentanyl. Dyspnea was not exacerbated following the switching, and was thereafter effectively managed by increasing the fentanyl dose and using rescue medication. Fentanyl is suggested to be a possible therapeutic option for dyspnea in cases where the use of morphine is difficult.

Mass screening-based case-control study of diet and prostate cancer in Changchun, China / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate possible correlation factors for prostate cancer by a population-based case-control study in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We carried out a mass screening of prostate cancer in Changchun, China, using a prostate-specific antigen assisted by Japan International Cooperation Agency. From June 1998 to December 2000, 3 940 men over 50 years old were screened. Of these, 29 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer. We selected 28 cases and matched them with controls of low prostate-specific antigen value (< 4.1 ng/mL) by 1:10 according to age and place of employment. A case-control study of diet and prostate cancer was then carried out.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After adjustment for education, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, marriage and diet, intake of soybean product was discovered to be inversely related to prostate cancer. Men who consumed soybean product more than twice per week on different days had a multivariate odds ratio (OR) of 0.38 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13-1.12). In addition, men who consumed soybean products more than once per day had a multivariate OR of 0.29 (95% CI, 0.11-0.79) compared with men who consumed soybean products less than once per week. The P for trend was 0.02, which showed significant difference. There was no significant difference in P trend for any dairy food. Even when we matched the cases and controls by other criteria, we found that soybean food was the only preventive factor associated with prostate cancer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our study suggests that consumption of soybeans, one of the most popular foods in Asia, would decrease the risk of prostate cancer.</p>