Evaluation of ethanolic extract of leaves of Abutilon indicum on carrageenan-induced rat paw edema

Background: Inflammation is described as a localized physical condition whereat part of the body becomes swollen, reddened, hot, and consistently painful, largely as a response to injury or infection. Aim and Objectives: The current study is designed to study the Abutilon indicum for its anti-inflammatory activity in albino rats-induced paw edema by carrageenan. Materials and Methods: Randomly 30 albino rats from both sexes were taken and divided into five groups, six in each. Normal saline 25 mL/kg (control), diclofenac 9 mg/kg (standard), and three different doses of plant extract (EEAI) such as 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg (3 test groups) were given in respective groups, after 1-h injection of 0.1 mL of 0.2% carrageenan solution into the sub plantar region of the right hind paw. At 0 h, after 1, 2, and 3 h, paw edema volume was measured by mercury displacement method using plethysmograph. The percentage of edema inhibition was measured in all five groups. Results: The percentage of edema inhibition for EEAI 500 mg/kg was 6.20%, 17.8%, and 26.72% after 1st, 2nd and 3rd h respectively and for EEAI 1000 mg/kg was 8.26%, 20.7%, 31.61% after 1st, 2nd, and 3rd h, respectively. Significant edema inhibition was observed after 2nd and 3rd h of drug administration (P < 0.05) in both groups treated with EEAI 500 and 1000 mg/kg. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of A. indicum had shown dose dependent anti-inflammatory activity.

Synergistic antimicrobial activity of honey combined with silver nanoparticles topically applied in experimentally infected wounds in Wistar albino rats

Background: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show ample antibacterial activities when combining with honey. Aim and Objective: The study was designed to determine the antibacterial activity of different kinds of honey against the common wound pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Materials and Methods: Bacterial strain was used to inoculate the wound. S. aureus ATCC-25923 was used in the study. Results: Wound infection examination was done by total count of bacterial load. In all three groups, better percentage of the wound closer, histological, blood, and tissue parameters identified in honey combine with AgNPs, showed a synergistic effect. Conclusion: Honey and AgNPs showed synergistic effect. It is recommended to apply both the products together.