ABSTRACT
Controversy exists regarding the association between Iron Deficiency Anemia [IDA], iron status, and Febrile Convulsion [FC] during childhood. In this article, a systematic review and meta-analysis is conducted in order to determine possible association and the degree of association between these statuses and FC. To identify all studies related to IDA and FC, various references such as MEDLINE [PubMed], Embase [OVID], Web of sciences [Thomson Reuters] and Google scholar were searched [up until 15 January 2013]. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q statistic, Tau[2], and I[2]. Additionally, subgroup analyses were performed. The outcome of primary interest was the overall Odds Ratio [OR] of FC for IDA and standard mean differences [SMD] of ferritin level. In total, 21 articles were considered to assess the association between IDA and FC. Anemia was more prevalent among the FC patients compared with the controls and the overall OR was 1.52 [95% CI=1.03 to 2.25]. In addition, the pooled OR for 17 studies performed in the populations with low and moderate prevalence of anemia was 2.04 [95% CI=1.46 to 2.85]. Furthermore, 12 studies assessed the association between the ferritin level and FC. The overall SMD was -0.02 with a 95% CI of -0.09 to 0.06. Besides, the pooled SMD of ferritin was -0.57 [95% CI=-0.7 to -0.46] in 6 studies reporting no difference between the FC and the control group with respect to temperature. IDA was associated with a moderate increased risk of FC in children, particularly in the areas with low and moderate prevalence of anemia
ABSTRACT
Adiponectin is secreted from adipose tissue. This hormone has a fundamental role in pathogenesis of insulin resistance, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects. The objectives of this study were to compare serum adiponectin level between type 1 diabetics and healthy people and to assess its related factors, and also to determine the relationship between adiponectin and metabolic state. This was a case control study involving 60 diabetics [25 good and 35 poor metabolic controlled] and 28 healthy persons [younger than 18 years old]. The data about demographic [age and sex], clinical and paraclinical characteristics [body mass index [BMI], duration of disease, puberty state, and glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] and adiponectin level in serum] were collected. Determinants of adiponectin were assessed using univariate and multiple linear regression analyses. Mean [ +/- SD] serum adiponectin level in healthy persons, good-controlled and poor-controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus patients were 9.16 [ +/- 4.2] microg/cc, 10.89 [ +/- 4.48[microg/cc, and 15.92 [ +/- 8.26]microg/cc, respectively. Post hoc analysis revealed that differences of adiponectin between poor- and good-controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus patients [P=0.01] and between healthy persons and poor controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus [P<0.0001] were statistically significant. Adiponectin level was associated with puberty state and BMI in healthy persons. It was associated with puberty state and HbA1c in type 1 diabetic persons. Serum level of adiponectin was higher in type 1 diabetics than in healthy persons and it can be used as a good marker for metabolic control state among diabetics