ABSTRACT
Objectives@#Insufficient evidence exists regarding factors that affect screening adherence among people with a family history of diabetes, who comprise roughly half of all patients with diabetes. Therefore, we aimed to identify the determinants of diabetes screening adherence in adults with a family history of diabetes who had not yet been diagnosed with diabetes. @*Methods@#This cross-sectional study was conducted at selected urban primary healthcare facilities in Tehran, Iran. The study population was clinically non-diabetic adults above 20 years of age with a family history of diabetes in at least 1 first-degree relative. All eligible people identified on randomly-selected days of the month were invited to join the study. @*Results@#Among 408 participants, 128 (31.4%) had received a fasting blood glucose check during the last year. Using binary logistic regression, the independent predictors of screening adherence were knowledge of adverse effects of diabetes such as sexual disorders (odds ratio [OR], 3.05) and renal failure (OR, 2.73), the impact of family members’ advice on receiving diabetes screening (OR, 2.03), recommendation from a healthcare provider to have a fasting blood glucose check (OR, 2.61), and intention to have a fasting blood glucose check within the next 6 months (OR, 2.85). Other variables that predicted screening adherence were age (OR, 1.05), job (being a housekeeper; OR, 3.39), and having a college degree (OR, 3.55). @*Conclusions@#Knowledge of the adverse effects of diabetes, physicians’ and healthcare providers’ advice about the benefits of early disease detection, and family members’ advice were independent predictors of screening adherence.
ABSTRACT
Objectives@#Insufficient evidence exists regarding factors that affect screening adherence among people with a family history of diabetes, who comprise roughly half of all patients with diabetes. Therefore, we aimed to identify the determinants of diabetes screening adherence in adults with a family history of diabetes who had not yet been diagnosed with diabetes. @*Methods@#This cross-sectional study was conducted at selected urban primary healthcare facilities in Tehran, Iran. The study population was clinically non-diabetic adults above 20 years of age with a family history of diabetes in at least 1 first-degree relative. All eligible people identified on randomly-selected days of the month were invited to join the study. @*Results@#Among 408 participants, 128 (31.4%) had received a fasting blood glucose check during the last year. Using binary logistic regression, the independent predictors of screening adherence were knowledge of adverse effects of diabetes such as sexual disorders (odds ratio [OR], 3.05) and renal failure (OR, 2.73), the impact of family members’ advice on receiving diabetes screening (OR, 2.03), recommendation from a healthcare provider to have a fasting blood glucose check (OR, 2.61), and intention to have a fasting blood glucose check within the next 6 months (OR, 2.85). Other variables that predicted screening adherence were age (OR, 1.05), job (being a housekeeper; OR, 3.39), and having a college degree (OR, 3.55). @*Conclusions@#Knowledge of the adverse effects of diabetes, physicians’ and healthcare providers’ advice about the benefits of early disease detection, and family members’ advice were independent predictors of screening adherence.
ABSTRACT
Background: The purpose of triggering in ovulation induction is to induce the final maturation of oocytes and their release from the ovary for fertilization
Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of gonadotropin-releasing hormone [GnRH] agonist and human chorionic gonadotropin [HCG] on the final maturation of oocytes and pregnancy rates in intrauterine insemination [IUI] cycles
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 110 infertile women who were selected for IUI entered the study. Ovulation induction was performed. Group I received 0.1 mg GnRH agonist as triggering and group II received 10,000 IU of HCG. The serum Estradiol [E[2]], Luteinizing Hormone [LH], and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone [FSH] levels were measured at 12 and 36 hr after injection
Results: LH surge was detected in all patients. LH levels at 12 and 36 hr after triggering was higher in Group I and it washed out earlier than group II [p=0.00]. The pregnancy rate was higher in Group I, but the difference was not statistically significant [26.9% vs. 20.8%, respectively p=0.46]. Also, the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome was not different between the two groups [p=0.11]. There was a significant difference regarding the estradiol levels at 36 hours after triggering [p=0.00]
Conclusion: Effects of GnRH on endogenous LH surge is sufficient for oocyte releasing and final follicular maturation. Pregnancy rates and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome incidence were not different between the groups. We suggest that GnRH agonists might be used as an alternative option instead of HCG in IUI cycles
ABSTRACT
Background: Recurrent implantation failure is one of the most issues in IVF cycles. Some researchers found that beneficial effects of endometrial Scratching in women with recurrent implantation failure, while some authors demonstrated contrary results
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of intrauterine. Saline infusion as a form of endometrial injury, during fresh in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycle, among patients with recurrent implantation failure
Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study 63 women undergoing assisted reproductive technology were divided into two groups either local endometrial injury by intrauterine saline infusion during day 3-5 of the ongoing controlled ovarian stimulation cycle, or IVF protocol performed without any other intervention in Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The main outcome measure was clinical pregnancy rates
Results: Patients who received intra uterine saline infusion [n=20], had significantly lower clinical pregnancy numbers [1 vs. 9, p<0.05] and implantation rates [4.7% vs. 41.6%, p<0.05], compared to controls [n=39]. However, there was no significant difference in miscarriage rates [9.4% vs. 8.7%, p>0.05] and multiple pregnancy numbers [1 vs. 3, p>0.05] between groups
Conclusion: When intrauterine saline infusion as a form of endometrial injury is performed during the ongoing IVF cycles it has negative effect on reproductive outcomes among patients with recurrent implantation failure
ABSTRACT
Background: Mental health of medical students who will be responsible for community health has great importance. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of probable mental disorders during the internship period of medical students
Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study evaluated 404 medical students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, in Tehran, the capital of Iran. The data collecting instrument was a self-rated questionnaire including standard mental health questionnaire SCL-90-R, demographic and socio-economic data. The score 0.7 and above were designated as possible cases of mental disorders. Analysis performed by SPSS software, version 14 [SPSS Inc, Chicago, Il, USA]. p-value<0.05 was considered significant
Results: 53.8% of participants were female, and 79.4% were single. From all participants, 14.1% had Global Severity Index [GSI] score more than 0.7. Mean and standard deviation of GSI score was 0.32 [0.27]. The frequency of probable mental disorder in medical students was 16.3% in somatization; 24.5% in obsessive-compulsive; 15.6% in interpersonal sensitivity; 16.8% in depression; 18.8% in anxiety; 14.6% in hostility; 11.4% in phobic anxiety; 16.8% in paranoid ideation and 13.9% in psychoticism. Students who had no children, lived in dormitory, had good economic status and were satisfied with their private life and studying course had significantly lower GSI scores
Conclusion: Between 11 to 24% of the students had mental disorders in different dimensions and economic status, living place and number of children were related to the disorders