ABSTRACT
Background: Random induced mutation by gamma radiation is one of the genetic manipulation strategies to improve the antagonistic ability of biocontrol agents
Objectives: This study aimed to induce mutants with more sporulation, colonization rate leading to enhanced antagonistic ability [in vitro assay] comparing to wild type [WT] and the assessment of genetic differences [in situ evaluation] using molecular markers. The superior mutants could be appropriate biocontrol agents against soil borne fungal diseases
Materials and Methods: In this research sampling and isolation of Trichoderma isolates were performed from soils with low incidence of soil borne disease. T. harzianum 65 was selected and irradiation was conducted with gammacell at optimal dose 250 Gray/s. Mutants [115] were obtained from the WT. The antagonistic abilities of twenty-four mutants were evaluated using dual culture and culture filtrate tests
Results: The results of in vitro assays revealed that Th15, Th11 and Th1 mutants exhibited stronger growth inhibition [GI] and colonization rate on Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani AG4 compared to the wild type. Th15 and Th11 mutants exhibited stronger GI and colonization rate on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in dual culture and culture filtrate tests and Th1 and Th11 mutants exhibited stronger GI on Fusarium grminearum in culture filtrate test. The DNA fingerprinting was carried out using RAPD and rep-PCR markers. Two [Th9 and Th17] out of the 24 mutants categorized distantly from the rest based on different polymorphism obtained by molecular markers. However, Th9 was different in GI% from Th17. RAPD analysis separated WT from mutants, Th9 from Th17 and also phenotypically superior mutants from other mutants. Meanwhile, rep-PCR analysis categorized WT isolate and mutants according to their antagonistic properties
Conclusions: The latter marker [rep-PCR] appeared to be reproducible and simple to distinguish mutants from a single isolate of T. harzianum. Mutants [3 isolates] were phenotypically and genotypically distinct from WT. These mutants demonstrated a pronounced biocontrol activities against soilborne fungal phytopathogens
ABSTRACT
Coronary artery disease [CAD] is accountable for more than 30% of deaths worldwide and is, thus, deemed the most important factor in terms of disease burden around the globe. This study aimed to evaluate CAD and its risk factors in hospitalized patients in the East Azerbaijan Province, northwest Iran, from 2006 to 2007. Data on 18.323 patients hospitalized due to cardiovascular diseases were collected to evaluate the diseases and their risk factors in 15 hospitals in the East Azerbaijan Province, northwest Iran. We assessed the main diagnosis of cardiovascular disease on admission in each hospital. Also, types of interventional and surgical procedures were assessed and all these variables were compared between men and women. The study population consisted of 56.6% male and 43.4% female patients. The median and range between quartile 1 and 3 [Q1-Q3] ages of the males and females were 59 [49-70] and 62 [51-71] years, respectively. Ischemic heart diseases were diagnosed in 68.4%, electrophysiological disorders in 6.5%, and valvular heart diseases in 4.5% of the patients. The frequencies of the studied risk factors were as follows: cigarette smoking [47.5%]; hypertension [66.95%]; diabetes mellitus [35.9%]; and history of cerebrovascular accident [16.4%] and renal disease [13.4%]. Medical therapy was performed in 79.23%, surgery in 6.28%, and cardiovascular interventional therapy in 13.99% of the patients. The in-hospital mortality rate was 1.57% [1.42% in the males and 1.76% in the females; p value = 0.009]. The most frequent known risk factors in the hospitalized patients were smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes. In the northwest of Iran, age at hospitalization due to cardiovascular diseases is slightly lower than that in the Western populations; however, sex distribution, diagnoses, and treatment modalities are not significantly different from those reported in Western countries
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Hospitalization , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Renal failure predisposes patients to adverse outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG] Renal dysfunction is a predictor of increased morbidity and mortality after CABG, whether it is dialysis-dependent or not. In a retrospective study from April 2000 to December 2010, seventy-six patients [60 male and 16 female with the mean age of 58.57+7.93 years] with different categories of chronic renal failure undergoing CABG in Shahid Madani Hospital, were studied. The cardiac disease leading to the operation was coronary artery disease [CAD] in all patients. Patients demographic, surgical and laboratory data were gathered from hospital records. Data were then analyzed. Mean hospital stay was 10.16+7.16 days. The preoperative mortality rate was 10.5% [15% in non dialysis and 5.6% in dialysis dependant patients with no significant difference]. Morbidity rate was 28.9% [respectively 30% and 27.8% in dialysis and non dialysis patients with no significant difference] including in-hospital myocardial infarction [MI] [10.5%], in-hospital stroke [2.6%], in-hospital bleeding [21.1%] and in-hospital infection, pneumonia, [5.3%]. Mean creatinine and blood urea nitrogen [BUN] levels were significantly increased after surgery [p0.001]. Postoperative hemodialysis rate was 33.3%. Chronic renal failure whether dialysis-dependant or not increases in-hospital mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing CABG. For CRF patients not on dialysis with a creatinine 2.5 gm/dL, there is a strong likelihood of postoperative dialysis
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The aim of this study was to determine incidence of cardiovascular disease [CVD] risk factors [hypertension [HTN], obesity, Dyslipidemia[DLP], diabetes mellitus [DM] and smoking] in Oskoo. This study was planned according to WHO protocol [WHO CVD-risk management package for low and medium-resource settings] and named [East Azerbaijan healthy heart program]. The pilot study of this program was done in Oskoo in 2007-2009. In this study, demographic data and CVD risk factors of 37, 329 adults aged>30 years old living in Oskoo were collected. In addition, blood samples of 17, 388 adults>40 years old were taken [free of charge] for assessment of serum glucose and lipid profile. The study covered 93.52% of Oskoo town population aged>30 years old. We studied 18637 male [M] [91.50% coverage] and 18692 female [F] [95.52% coverage] participants. The incidence of HTN [SBP>140 and DBP>90 mmHg] was 16.25% [M:15.08%, F: 17.29%], pre-hypertension [SBP-120-139 and DBP-80-89 mmHg] -37.78% [M:41.38%, F:34.18%], DM [fast blood glucose [FBS]>126mg/dl] was 7.45% [M:6.35%, F:8.54%], smoking was 9.40% [M: 17.00%, F:1.57%], hypercholesterolemia [>200mg/dl] was 47.64% [M:42.46%, F:52.81%] and obesity [body mass index [BMI] >27] was 50.47% [M:38.79%, F:62.09%]. Considering high incidence of CVD risk factors [except smoking] in Oskoo adults >30 years, it is recommended that this pilot study expanded to all of East Azerbaijan. Free of charge taking blood samples from people > 40 years to evaluate lipid profile and glucose levels is worthy to early detecting the prevalent
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Background: LV dysfunction reflects the impairment of pumping function of the heart. Left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] of >50% refers to the excellent pumping condition and less than 30%, illustrates the decreased ability or even the failure. Depression is one of the most common psychological disorders. From the cognitive point of view and because depression is a widespread psychological problems in coronary patients the aim of this research is evaluation of the relation between LVEF, depression, gender and age. Methods: 128 patients with coronary heart disease in shahid madani heart hospital were enrolled. Data were statistics analyzed. Results: The results of the current study showed that a close meaningful relationship exists between gender and depression [p=0.0001] and also between gender and LVEF degree [p=0.03]. other parameters such as age. Conclusion: Several studies in both inside and outside of Iran have confirmed these results. Patients with coronary artery disease need complementary treatment such as antidepressant medication and coping with negative mood techniques
ABSTRACT
It is estimated that cardiopulmonary disorders eslkjpecially coronary artery disease are the leading causes of mortality in world and Iran. The arteriosclerotic process in the coronary arteries, as in other blood vessels, consists of focal intimal accumulation of lipids, complex carbohydrates, blood and blood products, fibrous tissue, and calcium deposits associated with changes in the media, that causes unstable angina and myocardial infarction. Treatment of these patients is medical therapy and coronary artery bypass grafts surgery [CABGs] with or without cardiopulmonary bypass [CPB]. The aim of this research is stu4ing One Years Clinical Out come after Coronary Artery Bypass. This research is cross sectional and case control trial study. It was performed in Shahid Madani hospital in Tabriz - Iran during the year 2006-2007. The patients who had CABGs with or without CPB were studied. The information was collected by filling a questionnaire and was analyzed by the t-test and chi-square program. In this study 196patients had CABG without CPB [group I] and 133 with CPB [group 11]. Number of grafts in group I 2.49 +/- 0.04 and 2.73 +/- 0.04 in group II. The rate of complications in 2 groups was not significant, EF is improved in group I, and use of Introps and IABP was less than in group II. In group I hospitalization [lCU, hospital] was less than in comparison with group II. According to results CABG without CPB is a safe method According to results out comes of this stu4 is comparable with other studies in world
ABSTRACT
In contrast to conventional on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG] surgery only mild increase of parameters of oxidative stress is reported during and after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. In this study, we attempted to determine the role of off-pump CABG in the myocardial and systemic inflammatory responses. One hundred patients who underwent elective CABG were divided to three groups: I] patients underwent off- pump CABG or 2] on-pump CABG surgery with controlled reperfusion and 3] on-pump CABG with noncontrolled reperfusion. We took patients systemic venous blood samples for the measurement of serum level malondialde hyde [MDA], Troponin [cTnI] and total antioxidant [TAC] and blood level superoxiddismotas [SOD], before and after Ischemia and reperfusion. Mean values of decrease left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] after surgery in patients group 3 were higher than patients group2 and also [LVEF] in patients group2 were higher than patients group l [P