[Study of sexual function and satisfaction in women with vaginal delivery and cesarean referring to health center of Shahid Beheshti medical university-2008]

Different factors affect sexual function and satisfaction. Some studies showed no relationship between type of delivery and sexual function and satisfaction, but others showed association of vaginal or cesarean delivery with sexual function and satisfaction. This study aimed to determine the sexual function and satisfaction in women with vaginal delivery and cesarean referring to Health Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2008. In this cross-sectioned study, 180 women [90 vaginal deliveries and 90 cesarean deliveries] were selected with multiple sampling. Data collection was performed by questionnaires including socio-demographic characteristics, history of obstetric and sexual function and sexual satisfaction. The questionnaire was completed by interview in private place. Data were analyzed via descriptive and chi square test using SPSS software. There was no signification difference in sexual function including desire, arousal, orgasm and resolution, and sexual satisfaction after delivery between two groups. We did not find significant difference between women with vaginal delivery and women with cesarean delivery. Therefore it seems that various physical and mental factors affect sexual function

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EMG needling is not a painless procedure. In recent studies it has been shown that a form of lidocaine has the efficacy which is similar to EMLA, for prevention of pain associated with EMG needling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Lidocaine H ointment in alleviating the pain caused by EMG needling. This study was performed on patients referred to Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital for EDx study in APR 2009- APR 2010. A double blinded, placebo controlled study was performed in 47 adult patients [94 lower limbs] to compare the pain of EMG needling into the tibialis anterior muscle after application of lidocaine-H ointment or placebo. Pain scores were obtained by using visual analog scale [VAS]. Experimental and placebo groups were compared with Mann-U-Whitney and Chi-square tests. The study was performed on 47 patients, 38.3% male and 61.7% female, mean age being 45.5 +/- 16.4years. Median VAS score was 4.66 +/- 2.14 vs. 6.11 +/- 2.07, [P<0.05]. 51.1% of patients in experimental group as compared to 21.3% in controls reported mild pain [VAS < 4], [P<0/01]. It seems that lidocaine-H ointment has beneficial effects in prevention of the pain associated with EMG needling

[Comparison of dry needling and physical therapy modalities in treatment of myofascial pain of upper trapezius muscle]

Myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius muscle is common; reports about successful treatment with dry needling and physical therapy have been published. This study was performed with the objective of comparing the efficacy of these two treatment modalities in relieving the symptoms in patients with myofascial pain in the trapezius referred to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center at the Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital from Apr 2009 to March 2010. It was a randomized controlled trial performed on 28 patients. After matching age, sex, duration of symptoms, pain severity, pain pressure threshold of trigger point and quality of life measures, subjects were randomly put in to subgroups of case [dry needling] or control [physical therapy]. One week and one month after receiving treatment, outcomes and intra and inter group changes in pain severity, pain pressure threshold of trigger point and quality of life measures were evaluated and compared. 28 subjects in two 14 patients groups took part in this study. After one month of both physical therapy and dry needling, there was a decrease in resting, night and activity pain levels, [p<0.05]. Pain pressure threshold of trigger point, scores of physical functioning, role limitation due to physical problems, social functioning and bodily pain were improved [p<0.05]. Results were similar in the two groups, [p<0.4]. It seems that both physical therapy modalities and dry needling have equal effect in decreasing myofascial pain of upper trapezius muscle

Subtenon carboplatin in the management of intraocular retinoblastoma

To evaluate the efficacy of subtenon carboplatin as an adjuvant to systemic chemotherapy in the management of intraocular retinoblastoma. This study was conducted as a randomized, double-masked clinical trial. A diagnosis of intraocular retinoblastoma was made based on clinical examination, ultrasonography and orbital CT-scanning. The greatest basal dimension of the tumors was estimated in disc diameter [DD] by indirect ophthalmoscopy. Tumor thickness was determined by ultrasonography. Each eye was assigned to one of 10 blocks based on tumor stage [Reese-Ellseworth classification] and randomly received systemic chemotherapy alone [control group] or systemic chemotherapy plus 20mg subtenon carboplatin [case group]. Indirect laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy was performed as additional treatment. The study included 35 tumors in 17 eyes of 14 patients [19 tumors in 8 eyes of the control group and 16 tumors in 9 eyes of the case group]. There was 57.22% and 61.73% decrease in tumor thickness in the control and case groups, respectively [P=0.12]. The decrease in greatest basal tumor dimension in the control group [47.32%] was not significantly different from that in the case group [38.80%]. One eye [12.5%] in the control group and 3 eyes [33.3%] in the case group were enucleated. Adjuvant subtenon carboplatin does not seem to increase the efficacy of systemic chemotherapy in the treatment of intraocular retinoblastoma

Evaluation of vascular access using cryopreserved jugular vein [experimental study]

Background: While considering the rise in the mean age of the chronic renal failure [CRF] patients and increasing frequency of those who need constant hemodialysis, the creation of a native arteriovenous fistula [AVF] is not possible, which could be due to the inaccessibility of the superficial veins. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the vascular access, using cryopreserved jugular vein

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 15 sheep [Wt.= 30-40 kg] were selected between the year 2001 and 2002. The external jugular vein of each sheep was excised and after cryopreservation was put in liquid nitrogen [-196°C]. Twenty-eight days later, the sample veins were used as allograft [in another sheep], and autograft [in the same sheep] and were placed between carotid artery and external jugular vein as bridge AVF. The efficacy, function, and patency were evaluated using doppler sonography and pathologic report

Results: Patency rate of sample was 100% after 3 months in both allografts and autografts. Thrombosis, hematoma, and infection were not seen. No inflammation was detected in pathologic report

Conclusion: This study showed that using allograft vein for vascular access is feasible and suitable, and it is recommended specially for those with previously infected fistula