Surgical uncovering and orthodontic positioning of unerupted maxillary right canine and left central incisor

Excluding all third molars, the most common impaction is of maxillary canine. Palatal impaction [80%] is much more common than labial impaction [20%]. Impaction of maxillary central incisor does not occur frequently. We report an 11-year girl with clinical and radiological features of impacted maxillary canine and maxillary left central incisor. At the age of five years, she had a fell victim to history of trauma of maxillary central incisor with premature exfoliation. Radiograph showed labial impaction of right canine and left central incisor in maxilla

Prevalence of fluorosis among children aged 12 years, living in urban and peri-urban areas of Quetta district, Balochistan

Fluorosis is a condition of structural disorder of the tooth surface during tooth development, which is denoted as enamel hypoplasia. The most common cause of dental fluorosis is the chronic exposure to excessive fluoride particularly in drinking water at the younger age. The aims of this study were to determine prevalence of fluorosis among primary school children in urban and peri-urban areas of Quetta district. Cross sectional study. This study was conducted at Bolan Medical College, Quetta for a period of one month from March to April 2009. Clinical dental examination of school children aged 12 years was conducted for evidence of dental fluorosis using Dean's fluorosis index and the criteria mentioned in WHO oral health surveys methods 4[th] edition 1997. A total of 153 school children aged 12 years,78 [51%] boys and 75 [49%] girls, who have lived in urban and rural areas of Quetta sub district, were randomly selected from the four schools including boys and girls both. Fluorosis was found to be more prevalent in urban school children [60%] as compared with children living in peri-urban areas [47%] with OR .614 [.323, 1.166] and p-value .135. The boys had a slightly higher prevalence of fluorosis as compared with girls 56% and 52% respectively. OR .837 [.443, 1.582] and p-value .584 recorded which were not statically significant. This study highlighted the high prevalence of fluorosis, more than half of the school children, in urban and rural areas of Quetta district Pakistan. Comparatively, fluorosis is more prevalent in urban areas than in rural

Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding tooth loss among adult patients in Quetta, Balochistan

To assess the relationship between KAP of patients about dental treatment and tooth extraction status in tooth extraction and non-extraction case. Cross sectional study. Study was carried out at out patient department Sandeman teaching Hospital Quetta from January to February 1999. The source of the population were the patients aged 25-65 years attending out patient department at Sandeman teaching Hospital Quetta, The non-probability sampling was used, a total 205subjects were included in the study. Descriptive statistics, Chi-Square test and mean t-test was used. The behavior of the patients was determined by a questionnaire. There was 205 patients, among them 134 were tooth extracted cases and 71 were non-tooth extracted. Age was 25-65, and mean age was 37.38 +/- 11.09. Male were 63.9 percent and 36.1 percent were female. The K score is higher in non-extraction cases [mean 2.90+1.87] as compare to extraction case [mean 1.81+1.5], [p =.001].The mean of A score is higher in non-extraction cases [mean 21.69 +/- 6.1] compare to extracted cases [0.89 +/- 0.82], [p=.001]. The mean of P score is higher in non-extraction cases [1.59+1.112] than extraction cases [0.89+0.82], [p=0.001]. As a whole the KAP of non-extracted cases [mean 26.1 +/- 8.22] is better than extracted cases [mean 19.44+6.64], [p=.001]. The proportion of extracted group has low KAP score, [p = .001]. The findings suggested that the extracted cases were less educated, having low KAP and less number of teeth present in the oral cavity. In this regard preventive programs are to be initiated to change the patient perception towards dental treatment

Mixed dentition analysis for Pakistani population

To examine the applicability of the Tanaka and Johnston method of prediction and to find the significant difference in Pakistani population. Comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration: The study was conducted at Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, from September 2001 to September 2003. The 300 study dental plaster casts of Pakistani subjects under the age of 21 years, who presented with complete eruption of permanent mandibular incisors, canines and premolars, as well as maxillary canines and premolars were measured. The measuring device was a modified Boley's gauge. The sampling technique was non-probability with a comparative. study design. Statistical analysis was made by using SPSS version-10. Descriptive statistics was used for data presentation. Students t- test and test of linear correlation was used for testing the null hypothesis. Level significance was taken at p<0.000. The difference between the predicted widths of the canine and premolars with the Tanaka and Johnston equations and the actual widths were highly significant in the statistical sense, indicated by t test. The actual widths of the maxillary and mandibular canine and premolars showed a significant difference in size [p < 0.000] from the widths predicted by the Tanaka and Johnston method. The data illustrates the limitation of Tanaka and Johnston method when applied to our population. The Tanaka and Johnston prediction method does not accurately predict the mesiodistal diameters of unerupted canines and premolars in Pakistani population