Assessment of Selfie addiction among undergraduate medical Students

Background: Selfie’ means “A photograph that one has taken of oneself or a self portrait photograph typically taken with a smart phone or digital camera and shared via social media”. Considering the dependency on Internet and selfie taking behavior among professional students, the study was undertaken. Aims and Objective- to determine the demographic profile of selfie users and different variables related to selfie taking and posting and its association with risky dangerous selfie. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted among 220 undergraduate medical students were using smartphone. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: Male students of middle class family of urban areas were more involved in taking selfie. Females were comparatively spending more time (2-3 hrs) on Internet (X2 =19.494 and p = .001).Total 14% students were taking 3-5 selfie and posted on social media(Statistically significant,X2 =7.882,p =0.019). 19(8.63%) participants admitted of taking dangerous selfie of which male 13(14.0%) more than female 06(8.4%). Conclusion: Age and gender affects the number of selfies one clicks. This is developing a new mental disorder ‘selfitis’ as well as desire to take dangerous selfie. There is need of health awareness programme, IEC regarding importance of healthy life style.

Utility of Pap Smear Screening for Prevention of Cervical Cancer-A 3yrs Study from Rural Tripura-A Northeastern State of India

Background: Cancer cervix is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among women worldwide. According to National Cancer Registry Program of India, cancers of cervix and breast are leading malignancies in Indian women. The morbidity and mortality could be significantly reduced with an active cervical smear screening programme. Objective: The study was done to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of women about cervical smear testing, to establish a cervical smear screening program and to evaluate the cervical cytological abnormalities. It was done to determine the applicability, limitations and utility of this screening in a district hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 287 married women were included in our study. Knowledge about Pap smear testing was determined through printed questionnaires. Pap smear screening was performed on every woman in our study group. Detailed clinical data and cytology reports were noted in a proforma. Results: About 92% women of our study group had never heard or undergone Pap smear screening before. Maximum number of patients was in 4th decade. Of the 287 smears, 276(96.16%) were adequate. Normal smear were 78(27.18%), inflammatory 168(58.54%), whereas epithelial cell abnormalities were seen in 26(9.05%) cases. The 26 abnormal cases comprised of 17(5.92%) cases with ASCUS, 5(1.74%) cases of LSIL, 1(0.35%) cases of HSIL, 3(1.04%) cases of squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions: Epithelial cell abnormality in our study group was less than Western countries. There is poor knowledge about Pap smear screening. Pap smear study can be easily done through a chain built between the primary health care unit and district hospital and laboratory

Laparoscopic Versus Open Appendicectomy: A Comparison of Primary Outcome.

Currently, laparoscopic appendectomy is widely practiced for the management of acute appendicitis. It is not clear whether open or laparoscopic appendectomy is more appropriate. Our aim was to compare the safety and the advantages of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy in a prospective study. 102 patients were participated in this study. The group 1 patients were subjected to laparoscopic appendectomy [LA], whereas the group 2 patients were subjected to open appendectomy [OA]. 46 patients included in LA group and 54 patients in OA group. The mean operative time for LA and OA was 84.4 (45-220) minutes and 59 (30-180) minutes respectively. Although LA was associated with a shorter hospital stay [LA-3.5 days versus OA-5 days] but duration of operation is prolong in LA than OA and the postoperative wound infection is significantly higher in OA than LA. LA is safe and superior to OA in respect to an early discharge, lesser postoperative pain; decreased post operative wound infection, early return to work and a better cosmetic scar.

Biological Activity of Essential Oils of two Variant of Cinnamomum Verum Presl. From North East India on Callosobruchus Chinensis (L.).

Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is one of the major insect pest infesting stored pulses in India. Recourse of synthetic insecticides to protect stored pulses often lead to dangers of the development of resistant strains, toxic residue and users safety. Locally available and less toxic pest management alternatives such as the use of effective botanicals are important. Essential oils of two variants of Cinnamomum verum Presl. Syn. C. zelanicum Blume from North East India (RRL J 1620 and RRL J 1622) were characterized and tested for their biological activity in vapour form against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.). Choice and no-choice tests showed that leaf and bark oil of two variants of C. verum Presl. had significant repellent action and reduced the fecundity and decreased egg hatchability of C. chinenisis (L.). However, leaf oil with higher percentage of eugenol exhibited better activity than the bark oil in both the tests. Hence, the volatile essential oils of both the variants of C. verum Presl. can be used safely as fumigants.

Geriatric Mental Health in a Tertiary Care Centre: Socio-Demographic and Clinical variables.

Background: Nearly 50% of the aged have some physical ailment and are in need of active health care. Geriatric psychiatry is a sub-specialty of psychiatry, which deals with psychopathology occurring in the elderly and the various aetiological factors which cause the mental disorders in old age. Method: This is a descriptive study with sampling in a tertiary centre where the diagnoses were made based on the tenth edition of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD- 10) and were evaluated for sociodemographic and clinical variables as well as general medical conditions. Results: Mean age of the patients was 69.81 years, male constituted 73.58% and female 26.42%, Hindu were 56.60% and Islam 43.40%. Mean duration of stay in psychiatry ward was 5.7 days. 77.36% of patients were discharged on advice, 15.09% were transferred to another department, 1.89% absconded, 1.89% referred to another hospital and 3.77% referred to another department. 9.62% patients had general medical conditions alone and 40.38% had psychiatric disorders alone while 50% had combined psychiatric disorders with general medical conditions. 42.31% patients had organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders; 3.85% had mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use; 26.92% had schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders; 28.85% had mood [affective] disorders; 5.77% patients had neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders. Conclusion: Within the limitations of nongeneralizability of findings, present study throws light in important areas of geriatric mental health including general medical conditions.

Empyema thoracis.

OBJECTIVE: To review the management of Empyema Thoracis in the surgical department of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. METHODS: Thirteen cases with Empyema thoraces treated in the surgical department of the hospital with different modalities of treatment was taken for study and analyzed for morbidity, mortality, and hospital stay. RESULTS: there was a single mortality in the thoracotomy group. Video assisted thoracic surgery or VATS debridement or deloculation was successful in the eight of the patients with shorter stay in the hospital. One patient who refused surgery was treated with streptokinase with good result. CONCLUSION: Streptokinase may be effective in the treatment of empyemas. Video assisted thoracic surgery or VATS has definite advantage over traditional surgery in terms decreased morbidity, mortality, earlier hospital discharge and cosmesis in the treatment of empyema.

Mandibular reconstruction.

One of the most difficult problem in reconstructive surgery is the replacement of lost bone from trauma, tumour, infection or congenital anomaly. This is a case report of a 20 year old male who had suffered a blast injury of his lower jaw. From his first admission in the Plastic unit of Bir Hospital on Feb 19, 2003, he had undergone multiple operations until Nov 2003. This is a description of a follow up surgery done in Kathmandu Medical College (KMC), Sinamangal. Difficulties encountered and options available have also been discussed.

Odontogenic origin of necrotizing fasciitis of head and neck - a case report.

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) of head and neck is a fulminant infection associated with necrosis of connective tissue which spreads along the fascial planes with high mortality rate. It is usually polymicrobial, odontogenic and occurs more frequently in immunocompromised patients. Because of the rarity of the disease, early diagnosis and early management is often delayed. We present a diabetic patient who developed NF of head and neck following tooth extraction. Because of vigorous teamwork he could be saved from the fatal disease but required extensive plastic repair. Every clinician should be aware of such a disease, particularly in immunocompromised patients and necessitates earliest diagnosis and intervention to save their life. Keywords: Necrotizing fasciitis, necrotizing soft tissue infections.